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코로나19(COVID-19) 시기 일하는 방식 변화에 대한 조직지원인식과 공무원의 이직의도: 조직동일시 매개효과를 중심으로

Changes in Working Practices and Turnover Intention of Government Officials during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Identifying the Relationship of Perceived Organizational Support, Organizational Identification, and Turnover Intention

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주제분류행정학

초록

코로나19 대유행은 공공조직의 근무환경과 근무형태에 큰 변화를 가져왔다. 최근 2년간 중앙부처에서는 재택근무와 원격근무 및 모바일 결재가 현격히 증가하였다. 이와 같은 조직 내 위기 대응 사례는 공공조직의 인적자원관리 차원에서 중요한 시사점을 갖는다. 이에 본 연구는 코로나의 확산 과정 중의 공무원이 인식하는 조직지원, 조직동일시, 그리고 이직의도 간의 구조적 관계를 실증적으로 검증하고, 인사행정학적 함의점을 찾고자 한다. 본 연구는 2020년 중앙부처 공무원을 대상으로 실시한 설문조사 자료를 분석에 활용하였다. 그 결과, 소속부처가 일하는 방식의 변화에 적절히 대응하고 조직수준의 지원이 있었다고 인식할수록 조직동일시가 높아졌으며, 나아가 조직동일시의 매개효과를 통해 궁극적으로 이직의도가 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about a significant change in the working environment in public organizations. Over the past two years, government agencies have increasingly adopted teleworking, remote work, and electronic approval processes as a part of organizational responses to the pandemic. So far, however, there is a lack of research on how these organizational responses to an unexpected crisis affect the attitudes and behaviors of public officials. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the relationship between perceived organizational support, organizational identification, and turnover intention of public officials. The survey data collected in 2020 were analyzed to test the hypotheses in this study. Empirical results show that organizational identification mediates the relationship between perceived organizational support and turnover intention. Specifically, proper organizational response to the COVID-19 pandemic increases public officials' perceived organizational support, leading to higher organizational identification. Furthermore, the higher the level of organizational identification, the lower the turnover intention among public officials.

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