국제법상 형평의 규범적 기능과 한계 - 재판 규범적 가치를 중심으로 -
The Normative Function and Limitation of Equity in International Law - Focused on the Value of Adjudicatory Norms -
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Abstract
Manley Hudson, in the case of the Diversion of Water from the River Meuse(1937), pointed out that 'the Court has some freedom to consider principles of equity as part of international law which it must apply' and in the North Sea Continental Shelf Case(1969), the Court said that 'delimitation is to be effected by agreement in accordance with equitable principles, and taking account of all the relevant circumstances.' Like this, the term of equity has been referred as a fundamental criterion in the individual cases of international court. However, there are various opinions about what equity means. Therefore, it is very important to explicate objective meaning and limitation of equity through expansive reviews. The most of states prefer to make general and a little ambiguous rules. Because those are very convenient to avoid its applications. Therefore, many international rules have a tendency to be general and ambiguous. In consequence of this, judge has got more discretion to solve the disputes. Namely, the more the rules of international law are abstract, the more a role of equity might be large in the international community. Equity has been long recognized form Aristotle and many international courts has used it. but, there were short of explanations of what it means. This paper would try to objectify equity on the ground of several documents rather than explain general definition of it. From this, I would say that principle of equity is not one form. And further, this paper would explain questions which are as follows. What is different between "equity" and "ex aequo et bono"? Is equity the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations? What is distinct between equity in common law and in international law? For the purpose of doing, I would try the conceptional access of equity form Greek to present. Next explaining the legal character of equity and its contents. Subsequently, showing how it is applied in international law, especially focused on the maritime boundary delimitation cases. Finally, form this study, I would suggest the normative function and limitation of equity in International Law.
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