연단거리를 변수로 갖는 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강(STS201) 일면전단 볼트접합부의 최대내력에 관한 해석연구
Analysis Study on Ultimate Strength of Single-shear Bolted Connections with Austenitic Stainless Steel(STS201) with Varied End and Edge distances
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초록
본 연구에서는 실험결과와 유한요소해석을 통해 고강도 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강(STS201) 일면전단 볼트접합부의 구조적 거동(최대내력과 파단형태)을 조사하였다. 접합부의 주요변수로는 하중방향 연단거리와 하중직각방향 연단거리이고 본 연구에서 제시된 유한요소해석모델에 의해 예측된 최대내력, 파단형태, 면외변형 발생여부에 대해 실험결과와 해석결과를 비교하였고, 해석의 타당성을 검증하였다. 하중직각방향(판두께방향)으로 면외변형이 실험과 해석에서 관찰되었고, 상대적으로 긴 연단거리를 갖는 접합부에서 면외변형의 발생으로 최대내력이 저하되었다. 면외변형을 구속한 접합부 모델과 면외변형을 구속하지 않은 접합부 모델의 최대내력을 비교해본 결과, 면외변형에 의해 최대 32%의 내력저하가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 현행기준식과 기존연구자에 의한 설계식에 의한 예측내력을 해석최대내력과 비교하였고, 면외변형이 발생하지 않은 순단면파단 접합부에 대해서는 현행기준식의 내력 예측정도는 양호한 대응을 보였다. 그러나, 면외변형의 영향이 관찰되었던 접합부에 대해서는 면외변형에 의한 내력저하를 충분히 고려하지 못했기 때문에 하중방향 연단거리가 길어질수록 설계식에 의한 블록전단파단내력의 오차는 상승되었다.
Abstract
This study focused on the ultimate behaviors(ultimate strength and fracture mode ) of single shear bolted connection with austenitic sainless steel(STS201) and curling effect on the ultimate strength using finite element analysis based on test results. Main variables are end distance in the parallel direction to loading and edge distance in the perpendicular direction to loading. The validation of finite element analysis procedures was verified through the comparisons of ultimate strength, fracture mode and curling(out-of-plane deformation) occurrence between test results and numerical predictions. Curling was observed in both test and analysis results and it reduced the ultimate strength of single- shear bolted connections with relatively long end distances. Strength reduction ratios caused by curling were estimated quantitatively by maximum 19%, 32%, respectively for specimens with edge distance, 48 mm and 60 mm compared with strengths of uncurled connections with restrained out-of-plane deformation. Finally, analysis strengths were compared with current design strengths and it is found that design block shear equations did not provide the accurate predictions for bolted connections with strength reduction by curling.
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