피난유도자 수와 배연설비를 고려한 요양병원의 피난안전성 평가
Egress Safety of Nursing Hospital Considering Egress Guides and Smoke Exhaust System
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초록
이 연구에서는 요양병원의 피난안전성을 평가하기 위한 해석적 연구를 수행하였다. Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)를 활용하여 배연설비 유무을 변수로 화재 시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며, 요양병원의 피난허용시간을 산정하였다. 또한 Pathfinder를 활용하여 재실자의 특성과 피난지연시간을 고려한 요양병원의 피난 시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며, 피난요구시간을 산정하였다. 피난허용시간과 피난요구시간을 비교함으로써 피난유도자수, 피난지연시간, 배연설비 유무에 따른 요양병원의 피난안전성을 평가하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과에 따르면 피난지연 시간이 증가함에 따라 사상자의 수가 증가하였으며, 피난유도자의 수가 증가할수록 피난요구시간이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 KFPA에서 제시하는 용량을 갖춘 배연설비가 확보된 경우 피난허용시간을 크게 늘릴 수 있으며, 사상자의 수도 크게 감소시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
In this study, fire and egress simulation was conducted for the egress safety evaluation of the nursing hospitals. A fire simulation was performed with or without the smoke exhaust system using the FDS, and the available safe egress time (ASET) of the nursing hospitals was calculated. In addition, an egress simulation considering the characteristics of occupants and egress delay time was performed using Pathfinder, and the required safe egress time (RSET) was calculated. By comparing the ASET and RSET, the egress safety of the nursing hospital with or without a smoke exhaust system was evaluated according to the number of egress guides and the egress delay time. The simulation results show that the number of casualties increased as the egress delay time increased, and the required safe egress time decreased as the number of egress guides increased. In addition, it was found that if a smoke exhaust system with the capacity specified in the KFPA is secured, the available safe egress time can be greatly increased and the number of casualties can be greatly reduced.
참고문헌 (16)
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