상시 계측 데이터를 이용한 단경간 교량의 온도에 따른 진동 특성 변화 분석
Analysis of Vibration Characteristics Changes in a Single-Span Bridge Due to Temperature Using Continuous Measurement Data
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초록
우리나라는 사계절이 뚜렷하고 여름과 겨울의 온도차가 커서 교량들은 1년 중 큰 폭의 온도 변화를 겪고 있다. 교량 구조계는 온도가 변할 경우 동적 특성도 변하게 되지만 국내 교량 유지관리에서 내하력 평가 수행 시에는 이 영향을 고려하지 않고 단기간에 측정된 고유진동수만 평가에 사용된다. 이 논문에서는 이론적으로 고유진동수의 변화가 교량에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 1년 이상 연직가속도가 상시 계측된교량에 대해 매일 고유진동수 추정 데이터를 추출하여 온도에 따른 변화를 확인하였다. 그 결과 고유진동수가 1% 감소하면 교량의 공용내하력은 약 2% 감소하는 것을 확인하였으며 계측 데이터로부터 온도가 10℃ 증가하는 경우 고유진동수는 RC슬래브교 및 라멘교에서는 영향이 없었으나 PSCI형교 및 강상자형 교에서는 1.04~2.48% 감소하는 경향을 확인하였다.
Abstract
The Republic of Korea experiences four distinct seasons, with significant temperature differences between summer and winter, causing bridges to undergo large temperature variations throughout the year. When the temperature changes, the dynamic characteristics of bridge structures also change. However, during load-bearing capacity assessments in domestic bridge maintenance, this temperature effect is not considered, and only the natural frequency measured over a short period is used for evaluation. In this paper, we theoretically analyze the impact of changes in natural frequency on bridges and extract daily estimated natural frequency data from bridges with continuous vertical acceleration measurements taken over more than a year to confirm temperature-induced changes. The results show that a 1% decrease in natural frequency corresponds to an approximately 2% decrease in the load-bearing capacity of the bridge. Additionally, it was found from the measurement data that a 10°C increase in temperature did not affect the natural frequency of RC slab bridges and Rahmen bridges, but in PSC-I girder bridges and steel box girder bridges, the natural frequency decreased by approximately 1.04% to 2.48%.
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