중량물을 부가한 워킹화 신발바닥의 적정경도 분석
The Biomechanical Analysis of Optimal Hardness of Walking Shoes Sole with Additional Weight
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이 연구는 유산소운동능력을 향상시키기 위하여 개발된 중량부하신발을 대상으로 신발자체의 기능성 검사및 안전성 검사를 통하여 신발바닥의 적정 경도를 규명하는데 있다. 이 연구의 피험자는 비만 성인남자 15명과 비만 성인여자 10명 이었다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 중량부하 신발바닥의 두께가 34mm이며경도가 shore A65, shore A78, shore A91, shore A104의 4 가지실험용 신발을 제작하였으며, 이들을대상으로 신발의 기능성과 안전성 검사를 위하여 걷기 동작 시 하지부위 동작을 영상분석, 지면반력분석, 근전도분석, 압력 분포를 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 신발바닥의 경도에 따른 초기아킬레스건각의 변화량(Δβ10)과 아킬레스건각의 각변위(Δβpro)는 남녀 간에 약간의 차이는 있지만 경도가 증가할수록 모두 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 최대충격력과 최대충격력부하율은 남녀 모두 신발바닥의 경도가 클수록 미세하게 증가하는 경향을 나타냈으나, 제2정점의 최대수직지면반력과 제2정점의 힘부하율은 신발바닥의 경도에 따른 차이가 거의 나타나지 않았다. 하지의 최대관절모멘트는남녀 모두 고관절의 굴곡모멘트가 가장 크게 나타났고 각 관절모멘트의 크기는 예상과는 다르게 작게 나타났으며, 각 관절별 신발 바닥의 경도에 따른 뚜렷한 경향은 나타나지 않았다. 접지국면(heel contact)의 최대진폭은 전경골근이 가장 크게 나타났으며 추진국면에서는 가자미근이 가장 크게 나타났다. 근육별 최대진폭의크기와 신발바닥의 경도사이에는 뚜렷한 관계를 나타내지 않았고 근육의 동원순서는 남녀 간에 차이를 나타냈다. 최대압력의 분산성은 기존 워킹화에 비하여 향상되었다. 다양한 신발평가변인 분석을 통한 신발바닥의 경도를 분석한 결과 유산소운동능력을 향상시키기 위한 중량부하신발의 최적경도는 shore A 65도로 나타났다. 또한 무거운 신발을 착용할 경우 인체에 부상을 유발할 가능성에 대한 문제 제기는 이 연구의 결과로 볼 때별 무리가 없다고 판단된다. 다만 이 연구결과 중에서 남녀 간에 차이를 보이는 분석변인에 대해서는 추후연구를 통하여 그 원인을 충분히 밝힐 필요가 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the function and the safety of optimal hardness with additional weight shoes developed for the improvement of aerobic capacity and to improve some problems found in subject's test utilizing thick and heavy sole shoes. The subjects employed for this study were 15 obese male adolescents and 10 obese female adolescents. Additional weight shoes developed for this study had shore A 65, shore A 78, shore A 91,shore A 104 of midsole hardness each. The results of the study were as follows;1. The change of initial achilles tendon angle and initial rearfoot pronation angle of additional weight shoes during walking increased according to the hardness of shoes sole for male, but except shore A 91 in female subjects. 2. Maximal impact force of additional weight shoes increased according to the hardness of shoe soles. The time to maximal impact force of an additional weight shoes was about 19-20% of total ground contact time for each cases. Maximal vertical ground reaction force and force loading rate of additional weight shoes were appeared to be no difference between hardness. The time to maximal vertical ground reaction force was about 55-58% of total ground contact time for each cases and there was no difference among subjects as well as hardness. 3. In maximal joint momert, flection moment of hip joint was the biggest for males and females. Each joint moment showed small figure under expectation, and showed no significant tendency between joints and hardness generally. 4. In maximal amplitude of heel contact phase, tibial muscle showed the biggest figure and soleus mucsle showed the biggest figure in take-off phase. It did not show any relationships between maximal amplitude and hardness, and the recruitment of each muscle was appeared to be different between sex. 5. The distribution of maximal pressure was improved to be compared with the old additional weight shoe. M3 of regional maximal pressure was decreased to 13% in males, and 12% in females. The optimal hardness of additional weight shoe sole to improve the improvement of aerobic capacity for adolescents was shore A 65 through hardness analysis of various shoe evaluation variables in this study. There were some valuables not satisfied in this study, shore A 65 was the optimal hardness overall. In addition. this study had proven the safety of additional weight shoe which some people had been debating that additional weight shoe might caused the joint injury for adolescents because of heavy shoe weight.
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