심리적 도박 중독성 지수 및 행동적 도박 심각도 지수를 통한 국내 스포츠베팅 이용자의 중독 영향요인에 대한 연구
A Study on the Influencing Factors of Addiction in Sports Betting Users based on Psychological Gambling Severity and Behavioral Gambling Severity in Korea
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참고문헌
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초록
[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 한국 스포츠베팅 이용자들을 대상으로 도박 중독 위험 요인을 찾아내어 도박 심각도지수를 개발하고, 둘째, 도박 심각도 지수를 활용하여 국내 스포츠베팅 이용자들이 쉽게 도박 중독에 빠지지 않도록하기 위한 정책적 대안을 모색하는 것이다. [방법] 이 연구는 국내 합법 스포츠베팅인 체육진흥투표권(스포츠토토)에 참여한 경험이 있는 인원을 대상으로 연구를 진행하였으며, 2022년 5월 10일부터 6월 25일까지 온라인 설문을 진행하였다. 불성실한 답변을 한 23명을 제외한 총 214명의 설문결과는 왜도 및 첨도를 통해 정규분포성을 확인하였고, 탐색적 요인 분석과 신뢰도 분석을 실시한 후 부척도 점수를 계산하였다. [결과] 국내 스포츠베팅 참가자들의 인구통계학적 특성, 흡연과 음주 등의 생활습관, 문제 도박 심각도 지수, 자기통제 척도, 도박기대척도를 이용하여 단계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 심리적 도박 중독 심각도 지수와 행동적 도박 심각도 지수를 개발하였다. [결론] 첫째, 심리적 도박 심각도 지수에 영향을 미치는 요인은 직업의 유무, 직업의 안정성, 흡연 및 음주와 같은 생활 습관에 따라 심리적 중독 심각도 지수가 높았다는 점이다. 둘째, 행동적 도박 심각도 지수에 영향을 미치는 요인은성별, 직업의 특성, 직업의 유무, 자기 통제에 대한 확신, 자기 향상에 대한 욕구 등이었다.
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to a) develop suitable screening tools for identifying gambling severity in Korea and b) explore factors that affect the gambling severity index in order to prevent Korean sports betting users from easily falling into gambling addiction, thus providing practical and useful guidelines in this regard. METHODS This study examined Korean sports fans who had experiences of participating in sports betting (Sports Toto), a legal sports betting system in Korea. Toward this end, an online survey was conducted from May 10 to June 25, 2022. A total of 214 questionnaire results, excluding 23 who gave insincere and/or incomplete answers, were analyzed for normal distribution through skewness and kurtosis, and subscale scores were calculated after performing exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis using Cronbach’s α. RESULTS A psychological gambling severity index and behavioral gambling severity index were developed based on a stepwise regression analysis, which was conducted using the demographic characteristics of domestic sports betting participants and their lifestyle habits (e.g., smoking and drinking, problem gambling severity index, selfcontrol scale, and gambling expectation scale). CONCLUSIONS First, factors affecting the psychological gambling severity index were identified (having a job, job stability, and security) along with lifestyle habits (smoking and drinking). Second, gender, occupational characteristics, full-time employment, confidence in self-control, and desire for self-improvement were indicated as significant factors that influenced the behavioral gambling severity index.
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