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보행 동안 중량이 양측 하지역학의 비대칭성에 영향을 주는가?

Does Walking with a Load Affect Asymmetry in Bilateral Lower Extremity Mechanics?

현승현
국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠과학원 (Korea Institute of Sport Science)|2024.03|체육과학연구 (Korean Journal of Sport Science)|제35권 제1호|pp. 24-32

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키워드

Walking비대칭보행Asymmetry중량Load우세다리다리강성Dominance legLeg stiffness
주제분류체육

초록

[목적] 본 연구는 보행 동안 중량의 증가에 따른 이동속도와 양측 하지역학 간 비대칭성을 분석하는 것이다. [방법] 우측다리가 우성(dominance)인 자 14명이 이 연구에 참여하였다. 각 대상자에게 중량은 체중의 30%를 적용시켰고, 3차원 영상분석기법과 지면반력시스템을 이용해 무게중심의 이동속도, 압력중심의 면적, 다리강성, 그리고 지면반력변인들을 분석하였다. [결과] 최대-최소 무게중심의 속도변화는 중량의 주효과에서 통계적으로 유의하였다. 제동력과 수직지면반력은 중량과 양측하지의 주효과에서 통계적으로 유의하였다. 추진력은 중량의 주효과에서 통계적으로 유의하였다. 압력의 중심과 다리강성은 중량과 양측하지의 주효과에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 중량과 양측하지의 주효과 간의 상호작용효과는 최대수직지면반력과 압력중심의 면적에서 나타났으며, 중량이 더 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 본 연구를 통해 보행 시 중량에 따른 우세하지와 비우세 하지 간의 비대칭성은 서로 차이가 있음을 밝혔다. 이발견은 양측 하지 간의 충격감소 및 스트레스 메커니즘의 차이를 설명할 수 있다.

Abstract

PURPOSE This study sought to analyze the velocity and asymmetry between bilateral lower extremity mechanics according to the load during walking. METHODS A total of 14 adults with right leg dominance participated in this study (Male=7, Female=7). We respectively applied 30% of body weight load carriage on the subjects. Gait characteristics were analyzed with 3-dimensional cinematography and ground reaction force (GRF) system consisted of a center of gravity (COG) velocity, center of pressure (COP) area, leg stiffness, and GRF components. RESULTS Change in velocity of the maximum-minimum COG showed statistically significant in the main effect of load. The 1st anterior-posterior GRF (braking force) and vertical GRF were statistically significant in the main effects of load and bilateral lower limbs. The 2nd anteriorposterior GRF (propulsive force) was statistically significant in the main effect of load. COP area and leg stiffness exhibited statistically significant differences in the main effects of load and bilateral lower limbs. Interaction was observed in the vertical GRF, COP area. Furthermore , one-way variance analysis revealed load main effect had a greater influence on the increase in the magnitude of the vertical GRF and COP area than the asymmetry of bilateral lower limbs. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the differences in asymmetry between the dominant and non-dominant lower limbs according to the load during walking. These findings may explain the differences shock attenuation and stress mechanisms between the bilateral lower limbs.

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