미국 메트로폴리탄 도시의 주택특성이 개발영향부담금 정책채택에 미치는 영향
Effect of City Housing Characteristics on the Adoption of Impact Fee Policy in U.S. Metropolitan Areas
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초록
이 연구는 미국 메트로폴리탄 도시의 주택특성(Housing Characteristics)이 개발영향부담금정책 채택에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 조사한다. 연방 및 주정부 기금의 감축과 지방세금에 대한 저항에 기인하여 지방정부들은 새로운 주택개발에 관련한 인프라구축에 재정적 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이러한 재정적 압박 때문에 지방정부들은 실증적 비교 평가 없이 광범위한 개발영향부담금정책을 채택하고 있는 실정이다. 문헌조사에서 개발영향부담금정책 채택 과정을 설명하기 위하여 공공선택이론(Public Choice Theory)이 검토되며, 연구방법은 이진 로지스틱 회기분석(Binary Logistic Regression)이 사용된다. 연구범위는 미국 전체 361개의 메트로폴리탄 중에서 인구 50만 명 이상을 가지고 있는 97개의 메트로폴리탄으로 한정하며, 그 97개의 메트로폴리탄 안에서 인구 2만 5천명 이상을 갖고 있는 827개의 도시 중 무자기 샘플 276개의 도시를 조사한다. 실증적 증거는 개발영향부담금정책 채택에 영향을 미치는 메트로폴리탄 도시의 주택특성정보를 제공한다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 개발영향부담금정책 채택과 관련된 다른 부가적인 도시요인들과의 관계규명을 위한 추가적 연구들이 필요할 것이다.
Abstract
This research investigates what U.S. metropolitan city housing characteristics affect the adoption of development impact fee policy. Local governments have had continual problems with financing infrastructure to support new residential development because the decline of Federal and State aid and the resistance to any kind of local taxes. Public choice theory is employed to be explaining the process of development impact fee policy adoption for new residential development in the literature review, explaining that fiscal stress on local governments led to their widespread development impact fee policy adoption without prior and effective comparative evaluations. A binary logistic regression model is developed as for this research design. This research examines a random sample of 276 local governments out of 827 local governments exceeding 25,000 in 97 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) having populations exceeding 500,000. Empirical evidence provides the information of city housing characteristics for local governments to adopt development impact fee policy. These findings have encouraged additional research that helps clarify and understand the importance of different city factors for adopting development impact fee policy.
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