본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

구청공무원 윤리적 판단의 성별 차이에 관한 탐색적 연구

Gender Differences in Gu Officials’Ethical Judgment

김종업|정철현
(재) 한국지방행정연구원 (Korea Research Institute for Local Administration)|2009.12|지방행정연구 (The Korea Local Administration Review)|제23권 제4호|pp. 27-47|DOI 10.22783/krila.2009.23.4.27

0

조회

0

다운로드

7

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

Gender윤리적 판단지방공무원성(gender)Ethical judgmentGu officials
주제분류행정학

초록

지금까지 윤리적 판단의 성별 차이에 관한 많은 연구들이 있지만 아직도 명쾌한 합의를 이루지는 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 S시 A구청 남녀 공무원을 대상으로 DIT를 이용한 설문조사를 실시한 결과, 여성 공무원이 남성 공무원보다 윤리적 판단이 높은 것으로 나타났고, 특히 기존연구결과와 차별화 되는 점은 지방공무원의 윤리적 판단은 개인적 변수보다 조직적 변수에 더 큰 영향을 받는다는 것이다. 조직적 변수 중에는 동료보다는 상사의 영향력이 윤리적 판단의 중요한 변수이고, 보상보다 처벌에 대한 인식이 윤리적 판단에 더 큰 영향력을 미친다는 것도 새로운 발견이다. 이 연구는 지방공무원 윤리적 판단의 성별 차이에 관한 최초 연구이지만 한 구청의 사례연구이므로 향후 우리나라 지방공무원의 대표성을 갖는 표본을 사용하여 일반이론으로 검정되어야 할 것이다.

Abstract

There has been a great deal of research conducted into the question of gender differences in ethical judgment. Overall the research seems inconclusive, although what differences have been noted tend to show women as more ethical than men. In this article we analyzed the ethical judgment of Gu officials in Korea. It was found that women officials evinced significantly higher ethical judgment than their male counterparts. We also found that the organizational variables affected the ethical judgment more than the personal variables. Moreover, contrary to previous researches, this study found that ethical judgment of the supervisor rather than co-worker is an influencing variable, and that penalty rather than reward is an influencing variable on ethical judgment of Gu officials. However, since the results of this study were based on the small sample of Gu officials, future studies should use bigger samples representing local government officials in Korea.

참고문헌 (87)

  1. 강인호, "한국지방정부의 행정윤리의식에 관한 경험적 연구", 지방자치연구, 10(3), pp.87~104 (1998)
  2. 김호섭, "부정부패와 공직윤리: 공직자윤리법의 개정을 중심으로", 한국행정연구, 5(4), pp.5~28 (1996)
  3. 김호정, "개인적 요인과 조직적 요인이 공직자의 윤리적 판단에 미치는 영향", 한국행정학보, 39(4), pp.125~148 (2005), 한국행정학회
  4. 정재을, "대리인이론과 윤리수준이 세무공무원의 의사결정에 미치는 영향", 한국세무학회학술대회, pp.181~211 (2000), 한국세무학회
  5. 정철현, "환경공무원 윤리의식에 관한 연구", 한국행정학보, 31(1), pp.1077~1094 (1997)
  6. 정철현, "우리 나라 구청 공무원의 윤리기풍에 관한 실증적 연구: Victor와 Cullen의 모형을 중심으로", 한국행정학보, 33(4), pp.113~129 (1999)
  7. Akaah, I, "Differences in Research Ethics Judgments Between Male and Female Marketing Professionals", Journal of Business Ethics, 8(5), pp.375~381 (1989)
  8. Allmon, D. E., "Determinants of Perceptions of Cheating: Ethical Orinentation, Personality, and Demographics", Journal of Business Ethics, 23(4), pp.411~422 (2000)
  9. Bampton, Roberta, "Does a 'Care Orientation' Explain Gender Differences in Ethical Decision Making? A Critical Analysis and Fresh Findings", Business Ethics: A European Review, 18(2), pp.179~191 (2009)
  10. Barnett, J. H, "Managers, Values and Executive Decisions: An Exploration of the Role of Gender, Career Stage, Organizational Level, Function and the Managerial Decision Making", Journal of Business Ethics, 8(10), pp.747~771 (1989)
  11. Bernardi, R. A, "Fraud Detection: The Effect of Client Integrity and Competence and Auditor Cognitive Style", Auditing, 13(1), pp.68~84 (1994)
  12. Betz, M., "Gender Differences in Proclivity for Unethical Behavior", Journal of Business Ethics, 8(5), pp.321~324 (1989)
  13. Beu, D. S., "Ethical Decision–making: A Multidimensional Construct", Business Ethics: A European Review, 12(1), pp.88~107 (2003)
  14. Callan, V. J., "Predicting Ethical Values and Training Needs in Ethics", Journal of Business Ethics, 11(10), pp.761~769 (1992)
  15. Chiu, Catherine C. H., "A Comparison of Occupational Values between Capitalist Hong Kong and Socialist Guangzhou", Economic Development & Cultural Change, 46(4), pp.749~771 (1998)
  16. Chonko, Lawrence B, "Ethics and Marketing Management: An Empirical Eexamination", Journal of Business Research, 13(4), pp.339~359 (1985)
  17. Chusmir, L. H., "Male-Female Differences in the Association of Managerial Style and Personal Values", The Journal of Social Psychology, 129(1), pp.65~78 (2001)
  18. Cohen, J., "Are Women Held to a Higher Moral Standard than Men? Gender Bias among University Students", Teaching Business Ethics, 2(2), pp.197~209 (1998)
  19. Collins, D, "The Quest to Improve the Human Condition: The First 1,500", Journal of Business Ethics, 26(1), pp.1~73 (2000)
  20. Conroy, S. J, "Business Ethics and Religion: Religiosity as a Predictor of Ethical Awareness among Students", Journal of Business Ethics, 50(4), pp.383~396 (2004)
  21. Cooper, Terry L, "Big Questions in Administrative Ethics: A Need for Focused, Collaborative Effort", Public Administration Review, 64(4), pp.395~407 (2004)
  22. Das, T. K, "How Strong are the Ethical Preferences of Senior Business Executives?", Journal of Business Ethics, 56(1), pp.69~80 (2005)
  23. Dawson, Leslie M, "Ethical Differences Between Men and Women in the Sales Profession", Journal of Business Ethics, 16(11), pp.1143~1152 (1997)
  24. Denhardt, K, "The Ethics of Public Service: Resolving Moral Dilemmas in Public Organizations" (1988), Greenwood Press
  25. Derry, R, "An Empirical Study of Moral Reasoning among Managers", Journal of Business Ethics, 8(11), pp.855~862 (1989)
  26. Deshpande, S. P, "Managers' Perception of Proper Ethical Conduct: The Effect of Sex, Age, and Level of Education", Journal of Business Ethics, 16(1), pp.79~85 (1997)
  27. Deshpande, S. P, "Perceptions of Proper Ethical Conduct of Male and Female Russian Managers", Journal of Business Ethics, 24(2), pp.179~183 (2000)
  28. Dreike, E, "Perceptions of Senior Auditors: Ethical Issues and Factors Affecting Actions", Research on Accounting Ethics, 1(3), pp.331~348 (1995)
  29. Dubinsky, A. J, "Ethics in Retailing: Perceptions of Retail Salespeople", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 13(1), pp.1~16 (1985)
  30. Ekin, M. S. G, "Business Ethics in Turkey: An Empirical Investigation with Special Emphasis on Gender", Journal of Business Ethics, 18(1), pp.17~34 (1999)
  31. Elm, D. R., "Determinants of Moral Reasoning: Sex Role Orientation, Gender, and Academic Factors", Business & Society, 40(3), pp.241~265 (2001)
  32. Ferrel, O. C, "Ethical Behavior and Bureaucratic Structure in Marketing Research Organizations", Journal of Marketing Research, 25(1), pp.103~109 (1988)
  33. Flory, S., "A Multidimensional Analysis of Selected Ethical Issues in Accounting", Accounting Review, 67(2), pp.284~302 (1992)
  34. Ford, R. C, "Ethical Decision Making: A Review of the Empirical Literature", Journal of Business Ethics, 13(3), pp.205~221 (1994)
  35. Frederick, R. E, "An Outline of Ethical Relativism and Ethical Absolutism ㅑㅜ A Companion to Business Ethics", pp.65~80 (2002), Blackwell
  36. Frederickson, H. George, "Ethics in Public Management" (2005), Sharpe, Inc
  37. Frederickson, H. George, "The Spirit of Public Administration" (1997), Jossey-Bass Publishers
  38. Harris, J. R, "Unravelling the Ethical Decision-making Process: Clues from an Empirical Study Comparing Fortune 1000 Executives and MBA Students", Journal of Business Ethics, 14(10), pp.805~817 (1995)
  39. Hethenrington, E. M, "College Cheating as Function of Subjective and Situational Variables", Journal of Psychology, 55(4), pp.212~218 (1964)
  40. Hunt, S. D., "Ethical Problems of Marketing Researchers", Journal of Marketing Research, 21(3), pp.309~324 (1984)
  41. Hunt, T. G, "Ethics and Performance: A Simulation Analysis of Team Decision Making", Journal of Business Ethics, 16(2), pp.195~203 (1997)
  42. Ibrahim, N, "The Relative Importance of Ethics as a Selection Criterion for Entry-Level Public Accountants: Does Gender Make a Difference?", Journal of Business Ethics, 85(1), pp.49~58 (2009)
  43. Jones, G. E, "An Experimental Examination of the Effect of Individual and Situational Factors on Ethical Behavioral Intentions in the Workplace", Journal of Business Ethics, 15(4), pp.511~523 (1996)
  44. Kidwell, J. M., "Differences in Ethical Perceptions between Male and Female Managers: Myth or Reality?", Journal of Business Ethics, 6(6), pp.489~493 (1987)
  45. Kohlberg, L, "Cultural Universality of Moral Judgement Stages: A Longitudinal Study in Turkey in The Psychology of Moral Development", pp.582~593 (1984), Harper and Row
  46. Kohlberg, L, "From Is to Ought: How To Commit the Naturalistic Fallacy and Get Away With It In the Study of Moral Development in Cognitive Development and Epistemology", pp.151~236 (1971), Academic Press
  47. Kracher, Beverly, "Factors Related to the Cognitive Moral Development of Business Students and Business Professionals in India and the United States: Nationality, Education, Sex and Gender", Journal of Business Ethics, 35(4), pp.255~268 (2002)
  48. Lam, Kit-Chun, "Ethics, Income and Religion", Journal of Business Ethics, 61(3), pp.199~214 (2005)
  49. Lane, Michael S, "Ethics in Education: A Comparative Study", Journal of Business Ethics, 8(12), pp.943~949 (1989)
  50. Larwood, L, "Women in Management" (1997), Lexington Books
  51. Lawton, Alan, "Ethical Management for the Public Services" (1998), Open University Press
  52. Loe, Terry W., "A Review of Empirical Studies Assessing Ethical Decision Making in Business", Journal of Business Ethics, 25(3), pp.185~204 (2000)
  53. Mason, E. Shron, "Gender and Ethical Orientation: A Test of Gender and Occupational Socialization Theories", of Business Ethics, 15(6), pp.599~604 (1996)
  54. McCleary, R. M, "Salvation, Damnation and Economic Incentives", Journal of Contemporary Religion, 45(2), pp.149~172 (2007)
  55. McCuddy, M. K, "Selected Individual Differences and Collegians' Ethical Beliefs", Journal of Business Ethics, 15(3), pp.261~272 (1996)
  56. McDonald, Gael, "1It's All Fair in Love, War, and Business: Cognitive Philosophies in Ethical Decision Making", Journal of Business Ethics, 15(9), pp.973~996 (1996)
  57. McNichos, C. W, "Situational Ethics: An Empirical Study of Differentiators of Student Attitudes", Journal of Business Ethics, 4(3), pp.175~180 (1985)
  58. Nyaw, Mee-Kau, "A Comparative Analysis of Ethical Beliefs: A Four Country Study", Journal of Business Ethics, 13(7), pp.543~555 (1994)
  59. O'Fallon, M. J, "A Review of the Empirical Ethical Decision -making Literature: 1996-2003", Journal of Business Ethics, 9(4), pp.375~413 (2005)
  60. Ponemon, L. A, "Auditor Underreporting of Time and Moral Reasoning: An Experimental Lab Study", Contemporary Accounting Research, 9(1), pp.171~189 (1992)
  61. Radtke, R. R, "The Effects of Gender and Setting on Accountants' Ethically Sensitive Decisions", Journal of Business Ethics, 24(4), pp.299~312 (2000)
  62. Randall, D. M, "Methodology in Business Ethics Research: A Review and Critical Assessment", Journal of Business Ethics, 9(6), pp.457~471 (1990)
  63. Reck, Jacqueline L, "Ethics and Budget Allocation Decisions of Municipal Budget Officers", Journal of Business Ethics, 27(4), pp.335~350 (2000)
  64. Reidenbach, R, "Some Initial Steps toward Improving the Measurement of Ethical Evaluations of Marketing Activities", Journal of Business Ethics, 7(11), pp.871~879 (1990)
  65. Rest, J. R, "DIT Manual: Manual for Defining Issues Test (3rd ed.)" (1986), University of Minnesota
  66. Rest, J. R, "Guide for the Defining Issues Test, Version 1.3" (1993), University of Minnesota Press
  67. Reynolds, S. J, "Moral Awareness and Ethical Predispositions: Investigating the Role of Individual Differences in the Recognition of Moral Issue", Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), pp.233~243 (2006)
  68. Robin, D, "Making Sense of the Research on Gender and Ethics in Business: A Critical Analysis and Extension", Business Ethics Quarterly, 7(4), pp.61~90 (1997)
  69. Rokeach, M, "Beliefs, Attitudes, and Values" (1968), Jossey-Bass Publishers
  70. Roxas, M. L, "The Importance of gender Across Cultures in Ethical Decision-making", Journal of Business Ethics, 50(2), pp.149~165 (2004)
  71. Sampford, Charles, "Encouraging Ethics and Callenging Corruption: Reforming Governance in Public Institutions" (2002), Federation Press
  72. Sikula Sr. Andrew, "Are Women More Ethical Than Men?", Journal of Business Ethics, 13(11), pp.859~871 (1994)
  73. Sikula, Andrew S, "Management in America: Crisis in Ethics" (1992), Daniel Spencer Publishers
  74. Simga-Mugan, C., "The Influence of Nationality and Gender on Ethical Sensitivity: An Application of the Issue-Contingent Model", Journal of Business Ethics, 57(2), pp.139~159 (2005)
  75. Singhapakdi, Anusorn, "Toward an Understanding of Religiousness and Marketing Ethics: An Empirical Study", Journal of Business Ethics, 27(4), pp.305~319 (2000)
  76. Smith, L. Patricia, "Gender-Related Differences in Ethical and Social Values of Business Students: Implications for Management", Journal of Business Ethics, 16(1), pp.37~45 (1997)
  77. Stedham, Y., "Gender Differences in Business Ethics: Justice and Relativist Perspectives", Journal of Business Ethics, 16(2), pp.163~174 (2007)
  78. Swamy, A. S., "Gender and Corruption", Journal of Development Economics, 64(1), pp.25~55 (2001)
  79. Trevino, L. K, "Ethical Decision Making in Organizations: A Perdson-Situation Interactionist Model", Academy of Management of Review, 11(3), pp.601~617 (1986)
  80. Trevino, L. K, "Moral Reasoning and Business Ethics: Implications for Research, Education, and Management", Journal of Business Ethics, 11(5), pp.445~459 (1992)
  81. Valentine, S. R, "The Ethical Decision Making of Men and Women Executive in International Business Situations", Journal of Business Ethics, 71(2), pp.125~134 (2007)
  82. Vertinskyk I., "Organization Design and Management Norms: A Comparative Study of Managers Perceptions in the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong and Canada", Journal of Management, 30(1), pp.5~81 (1990)
  83. Vitell, Scott J, "Consumer Ethics Research: Review, Synthesis and Suggestions for the Future", Journal of Business Ethics, 43(1), pp.33~47 (2003)
  84. Weeks, W. A., "The Effiects of Gender and Career Stage on Ethical Judgment", Journal of Business Ethics, 20(4), pp.301~313 (1999)
  85. White Jr., Richard D, "Are Women More Ethical? Recent Findings on the Effects of Gender Upon Moral Development", Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 9(3), pp.459~471 (1999)
  86. Windsor, C. A, "The Effect of Client Management Bargaining Power, Moral Reasoning Development, and Belief in a Just World on Auditor Independence", Accounting, Organizations and Society, 20(7), pp.701~720 (1995)
  87. Woodbine, Gordon Francis, "Moral Choice and the Declining Influence of Traditional Value Orientations Within the Financial Sector of a Rapidly Developing Region of the People's Republic of China", Journal of Business Ethics, 55(1), pp.43~60 (2004)

관련 논문AI추천

윤리적 민감성에 관한 연구: 대학생을 중심으로조영선, 최도림한국인사행정학회 · 한국인사행정학회보2011 · 제10권 제2호A Study on Female Public Officials’ Ethics and Job Capability: Cases in Gwangju Metropolitan City, Korea김경아, 이화진한국비교정부학회 · 한국비교정부학보2015 · 제19권 제2호공직의 성별 다양성과 성과의 구조적 관계 : 지방공무원을 중심으로우양호, 홍미영(재) 한국지방행정연구원 · 지방행정연구2019 · 제33권 제4호부패와 젠더: 기초자치단체 부패 영향요인의 탐색김장회, 이현정, 조정래정부학연구소 · 정부학연구2014 · 제20권 제2호여성 공무원 리더의 효율성, 성 정체성, 삶의 만족도와 조직의 성차별 문화김혜숙, 장재윤한국문화및사회문제심리학회 · 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제2002 · 제8권 제2호여성경찰관의 직업윤리의식 결정요인 분석신문희, 이영민경찰대학 · 경찰학연구2012 · 제12권 제3호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (9건)

지방행정조직의 개편방향 : 전략분석 게임론적 시각에서임도빈pp. 3-26다면평가 운영에 대한 공무원 인식도 실증연구 :경상북도청을 중심으로윤광재, 황진대, 전기우pp. 49-80성과관리의 공정성 인식이 도입성과에 미치는 영향 :유용성 인식과 대응태도의 매개효과를 중심으로남승하, 이현철pp. 81-105공공갈등에서 협력적 거버넌스의 구성과 효과에 관한 연구 : 경기도 이천시 환경기초시설 입지갈등 사례채종헌, 김재근pp. 107-137주민소환 청구주체와 소환대상의 활동사례 비교연구현근pp. 137-179
원문 보기