바젤Ⅲ 자본규제 강화의 주요 내용과 국내 금융안정에 대한 시사점
Basel III Capital Regulatory Reform and Its Implication to Financial Stability
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이 글은 금융위기 이후 바젤위원회에서 추진한 금융규제개혁 과제 중에서 은행 자본규제체계의 재설계와 관련한 부분을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 바젤위원회는 규제자본의 질, 일관성 및 투명성의 부족이 금융위기를 심화하는 원인이 되었다는 인식에 따라 보통주자본 개념의 신설, 자본 인정 기준의 강화, 공제항목에 대한 규제강화, 완충자본 개념의 신규 도입 등을 내용으로 하는 자본규제체계의 근본적인 개혁을 추진하였다. 본고에서는 이와 같은 자본규제체계 개혁이 개별은행의 부도확률 및 시스템리스크 등 국내 금융시스템의 안정성에 대하여 가지는 시사점을 도출하고, 바젤III 자본규제체계가 국내에 실효성있게 도입되기 위한 정책방안을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate the Basel III capital regulatory reform which was implemented by the Basel committee as part of the global regulatory reform after the financial crisis of 2007. Under the recognition that the lack of quality, consistency and transparency of regulatory capital was one of the main reasons for the financial crisis, the Basel committee has reformed fundamentally the capital regulatory regime by setting a new common equity capital ratio, strengthening the standards for the qualification of regulatory capital, and introducing the concept of capital buffer. This paper gives an attempt to evaluate the implications that the Basel III capital regulatory regime might have on the stability of Korean financial system especially with respect to the probability of failure of individual banks and systemic risk that are generated by procyclicality and systemic importance. It also tries to make some policy suggestions for the effective implementation of the Basel III capital regulatory regime into Koean banking system.
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