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Implementation of CLT-Based Curriculum and Consideration of Negotiated Pedagogy in Korea

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Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has been pursued as the main principle of the national English curriculum in Korea as well as in several East Asian countries. However, with the different pedagogic preferences and contextual particularities, these curricula generate pedagogic conflicts or require negotiation in practice decisions. This article investigates the ways in which the CLT-based curriculum is implemented in Korean state high schools by exploring four English teachers’ practices, through the analysis of their lesson plans, classroom observations and interviews. CLT implementation was obstructed by the teachers’ narrow conceptualisation of CLT, focus on forms, reading-centred lessons, and an overload of administrative work. In order to practise more communicative and contextually appropriate lessons, (a) developing professional development programmes where the teachers learn the broad concept of CLT and how to practise CLT in a coherent way, (b) incorporating contextually and culturally appropriate pedagogies into the national curriculum, (c) improving the state exam for the measurement of communicative competence, and (d) supporting teachers’ administrative work are suggested.

Abstract

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has been pursued as the main principle of the national English curriculum in Korea as well as in several East Asian countries. However, with the different pedagogic preferences and contextual particularities, these curricula generate pedagogic conflicts or require negotiation in practice decisions. This article investigates the ways in which the CLT-based curriculum is implemented in Korean state high schools by exploring four English teachers’ practices, through the analysis of their lesson plans, classroom observations and interviews. CLT implementation was obstructed by the teachers’ narrow conceptualisation of CLT, focus on forms, reading-centred lessons, and an overload of administrative work. In order to practise more communicative and contextually appropriate lessons, (a) developing professional development programmes where the teachers learn the broad concept of CLT and how to practise CLT in a coherent way, (b) incorporating contextually and culturally appropriate pedagogies into the national curriculum, (c) improving the state exam for the measurement of communicative competence, and (d) supporting teachers’ administrative work are suggested.

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