레바논 애국시인 칼릴 하위(1925-1982)의 시에 나타난 신화 분석

Abstract

Khalil Hawi:(1925-1982) is a Christian Lebanese patriotic poet and scholar who was bone in 1920. He was educated in Beirut and Cambridge where he obtained his Ph.D. in Arabic literature. He was professor of Arabic literature at the American University of Beirut and han been working on the production of the Encyclopedia of Arabic poetry. He killed himself in protest at the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in June 1982. He was one of the foremost pioneers of modern Arabic poetry, and he was almost first made aware of myths as culturally relevant to his contemporary reality. His poetic experiment relied on symbolization, a mythical sense of time and experience, and above all a pan-Arab vision of great purity and ardent sincerity. First, in 「After the Ice Age」(1957) Hawi begins by making explicit the connection between "After the Ice Age" and the fertility rites of resurrection and renewal. The most distinctive feature is that he used the mythic symbols of Tammuz, Ba'al and the phoenix rather than the Old and the New Testament Biblical imageries which had dominated almost his poems. Second, Hawi's 「Sindbad's Eighth Voyage」(1961) starts off by focusing on one of the arab archetypal Wanderer Sindbad, but by the end he has been transformed into a type of the self-sacrificing hero. It is a mental voyage within the recesses of Sindbad's own mind. It is a voyage of self-discovery. Third, in his prophetic and tragic poem, 「Lazarus 1962」(1965) he predicted the disaster of the June 1967 War. The poem is based on the myth of Lazarus who was resurrected by Christ three days after his death. However Lazarus who symbolizes Arab civilization does not want to be resurrected. Hawi's Lazarus is in love with his death and, instead of accepting his resurrcetion he asks the grave digger to deepen his grave. In a word, his interest in myths was a desire to humanize and universalize his poetry.