인공와우이식아동과 건청아동 간의 암묵적 학습능력과 읽기폭과제 수행 비교
Comparison of Implicit Learning and Reading Span Ability between Cochlear Implant and Normal Hearing Children
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초록
연구목적: 이 연구는 학령기 인공와우이식아동과 건청아동들의 암묵적 학습능력과 작업기억 과제 수행력을 비교하여 학령기 아동들의 근본적인 학습능력과 인지 처리 능력을 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법: 활연령 9-11세 일반학급 재학 중인 인공와우이식아동 10명, 생활연령 동일한 건청아동 12명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구에 사용된 검사는 한국 웩슬러 아동지능검사의 동작성 검사, 기초학력검사, 수용·표현 어휘력 검사, 암묵적 학습능력과제(문법/비문법), 읽기 폭 과제를 실시하였다. 연구결과: 첫째, 인공문법과제(문법/비문법)와 암묵적 학습능력에서 인공와우이식아동은 건청 아동보다 낮은 수행점수를 보였으나 통계적으로 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 둘째, 읽기 폭 과제에서 두 집단 간에 통계적 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 셋째, 문법 및 비문법 과제와 암묵적 학습능력, 읽기 폭 과제에서 인공와우이식아동 집단은 유의미한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 인공와우이식아동과 건청아동 간의 암묵적 학습능력 제외한 모든 과제에서 건청아동과 유의한 차이가 나지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 학령기 인공와우이식아동이 조기 이식 후 꾸준한 언어재활과 개별교육을 통하여 정상화 될 수 있다는 연구결과를 제공하는데 그 의의가 있다.
Abstract
Purpose: This study compared the implicit learning ability between cochlear implant and normal hearing children in the school age, in order to find out if the fundamental learning ability and the cognitive processing ability affect a linguistic ability to school age children. Method: The subject of this study was 10 cochlear implant children and 12 normal hearing children aged from 9 to 11 years old. They completed an intelligence test, K-WISC(Korea Wechsler Intelligence Scale), reading test, acceptive/expressive vocabulary test in KISE-BAAT(Korea Institute for Special Education-Basic Academic Achievement Tests), artificial grammar task and grammar/ungrammar items as tasks for implicit learning ability reading span task. Results: First, the cochlear implantation children had lower scores than normal hearing children in th artificial grammar task and implicit learning ability. However there was not statistically significant difference. Second, there was not statistically significant difference between the two groups in ability of reading span. Third, in the grammar and ungrammar item tasks, implicit learning ability, reading span task, and cochlear implant children showed significant correlation among those tasks. Conclusion: Implicit learning ability and task memory performance between cochlear implant children and normal hearing children did not show any significant differences. Though there can be a personal development difference among children with hearing impairment, it doesn't mean that they should be underdeveloped compared to normal children. This study is clinically suggests that children with cochlear implantation can be normalized through language rehabilitation after early implantation.
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