1903～1906년 漢城府 住民의 가족 구성과 삶의 방식들 －光武 7년ㆍ10년 漢城府 戶籍을 중심으로－

Abstract

This study uses the household registers of Hanseongbu(漢城府) from the 7th and 10th years of the Gwangmu(光武) era, covering the 12 bang(坊) of Hanseongbu(漢城府), to classify the family structures of 3,935 households into single-person, nuclear, and extended families. It examines the collective tendencies and characteristics of these family types based on the attributes of the head of household and family members. Firstly, the individual characteristics of the heads of households reflected in family structures include age, occupation, and socioeconomic abilities, approached through the ratios of dependents and employee, and the inclusion of concubines. The individual capabilities and circumstances of the heads of households by age group influenced family structures, showing different age groups with high proportions depending on the family type. The occupations of the heads of households also demonstrated collective tendencies in specific jobs depending on the family type. Additionally, families with dependents, employee, and concubines were identified as typical family structures in Hanseongbu(漢城府), indicating higher socioeconomic status of the heads of such families. Secondly, when examining family structures from the perspective of family members, not only former government officials but also families of merchants, commoners, and farmers included a variety of relatives in their households, strengthening human bonds through kinship connections. Although family size varied slightly by region depending on cohabiting relatives, most family types showed similar scales. Thirdly, when analyzing the economic level through the size and type of houses, many families owned houses with more than 11 khan(間), indicating a relatively high economic status. Particularly, extended families showed the highest proportion of houses with more than 11 khan(間), confirming that economic status was a crucial factor in the composition of extended families. The housing types in Hanseongbu(漢城府) revealed regional differences in the proportions of tiled and thatched roofs. Depending on the possibility of relocation and settlement, single-person and extended families had higher proportions of tiled houses, while nuclear families had a higher proportion of grass-roofed houses. Analyzing the families of Hanseongbu(漢城府) through the Gwangmu(光武) household registers reveals that, based on the characteristics of their residences, they established and strengthened kinship relations, showing specific collective tendencies by family type. These collective lifestyles were the results of their efforts to maintain and sustain their lives and those of their families in the modern city of Hanseongbu(漢城府).