근대 초기 漢城府에서 나타난 삶의 경계와 계층적 변화－戶籍에 기재된 平民 집단을 중심으로－

Abstract

This study was initiated from a critical mind why multiple inhabitants of early modern Hanseongbu had been listed collectively in the occupation section of the family register as commoner that was not related to the occupation. Based on this perspective, it was aimed to understand the commoner’s group that had lived in early modern Hanseongbu and to materialize their historical concept by reviewing the perception on the commoner in the society within the urban space of early modern Hanseongbu as well as analyzing their features of living. Hanseongbu as the king’s residence and capital was the location where national and governmental facilities were concentrated, hence, previous or current government officials shared the most among the total inhabitants in Hanseongbu due to the territorial characteristics. Government officials played roles of upper class in Hanseongbu in the socioeconomic perspective, which assumed the emphasis of social discrimination between officials and non-officials more in the occupation than the other locations. In this situation, commoners at that time were perceived as those who did not have public service jobs, therefore, it is considered that commoners without relation of occupation were listed in the occupation section of the family register in Hanseongbu, unlike other territories. Then, statistical analysis was performed with personal information and family relations of 937 family heads who were listed as commoners in the occupation section of the family register to analyze their living styles and identity at that time. When the commoner family heads and their family relations listed in the family register were analyzed by fathers’ occupation, cohabitation status with other family and employees, size and types of houses and families, and so on, commoners showed the remarkable difference in the sociality from government officials that were upper class and some merchants in Hanseongbu and farmers out of Hanseongbu that were lower class. They represented as the most popular and universal commoners’ group in early modern Hanseongbu, socioeconomically and became the unique class to show their own living styles upon coexisting with multiple classes and groups.