1930년대의 신여성과 여성작가의 계보 연구

Abstract

The objective of this research is to reveal the reality of women's movements and literature in the 1930s through the work of Soon-Deuk Im, an author who was also a representative of woman activists. Her books show the inner side of the Korean woman's mind and the activists' idealism toward liberation of the nation and women. The research is focused on the existence and detailed activities of the woman activist group, which led labor movements and revolutionized women's movements of the early 1930s following the Gwangju Student Independence Movement in 1929. Socialists went underground immediately after the disbandment of "Keun Woo Hoe"(an anti-Japanese woman group), in the early 1930s and a new form of women's movement began to appear. In the 1920s, these women were called "Shin yeosung" (New Women). Then, in the late 1920s, they were separately acknowledged as "Modern Girls" and "Kollontaists". In the 1930s, when discrimination against women was still strong, "Modern Girls" settled down as teachers, mothers, and wives, while the descendents of Kollontaists trained themselves through underground movements. Revolutionists of the 1930s, including Jin-Hong Park, Soon-Keum Lee, and Soon- Deuk Im, a writer, took part in the Seoul Girl Students' Movement of the early 1930s. They were active members of the students' movement group that led reading circle activities and union strikes at the Dong Duck Girl's High School. In the beginning, Jin-Hong Park and Soon-Keum Lee followed "Kollontaism", as had many previous women socialists. They were then led to seek with men without separating public and private matters through trial and error and self-criticism arising from their everyday lives and underground movements. As a writer, Soon Deuk Im criticized the works of women literature leaders of the late 1930s. She also indirectly criticized Japanese Colonialism through her works, in contrast to other writers who tended to support Japanese colonialism. This research, the reality of the movements and literature concerning these women is revealed. These women had not received much attention among "Shinyeosung" in the 1930s and yet they had fought against the colonialism to the end, beginning with socialistic women's movements.