间断-平衡理论视角下70年中国农地经营政策变迁分析
A Study on the Evolution of Farmland Management Policy in China since 1949-Based on the Punctuated-Equilibrium Theory
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참고문헌
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초록
建国后，中国农地经营政策历经家庭自主经营、集体统一经营和家庭承包经营非渐进变迁过程。以间断-平衡理论为框架，编码分析1949年到2019年人民日报相关报道发现，农地经营政策变迁实际是政策图景、政策注意力水平、政策议定场和政策基调相互作用的结果。农地基本制度、外部环境以及大众媒体引导政策图景在积极与消极之间转化，成为政策变迁的起点。受政策注意力水平影响，政策议定场由次级系统上升到宏观系统，配合政策基调改变，推动政策过程发展，最终导致农地经营政策变迁。在推进国家治理能力和治理体系现代化大背景下，理解政策变迁过程不仅具有现象解释意义，更可在了解变迁机制基础上，注重新媒体和公众在决策中的作用，提升科学决策和民主决策水平。
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to discover the dynamic mechanism to stimulate the evolution of China’s rural land management policy since 1949 based on text mining and literature research. The results show that policy image transfers from positive to negative under different land tenure system, international situation and the effect of mass media. The outcome of text mining on People’s Daily reports from 1949 to 2019 finds out policy attentiveness and its nature are various in different years. What’s more, the shift of policy image and policy attentiveness combined with policy tones causes that policy venue climbs from secondary policy system to macro political system, and ultimately inspired policy change. In conclusion, policy image, policy attentiveness and its nature, policy venue and policy tones are the main factors to cause the change of rural land management policy. It needs to pay attention to the dynamics mechanism of policy evolution and perfect current household contract system.
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