fMRI evidence of neural plasticity of speech skill learning
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Park, Haeil. 2017. fMRI Evidence of Neural Plasticity of Speech Skill Learning. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 42-3, 417-434. From an early age, speech experts learn complex speech skills, which they practice extensively from childhood throughout their entire careers. Using a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), we found significant differences in activation of language-related brain regions including Broca’s area, premotor cortex, precuneus, and cerebellum by comparing voice actors with a matched group of nonexpert controls. There was less extent of activation for the former than for the latter in Broca’s area and the premotor cortex, which is taken to indicate that voice actors use less planning and execution of speech geustures. More fucused and less diffuse neural activation in the cerebellum and the precuneus for speech experts is argued to mean their making less of an effort in coordinating and controlling speech articulators during speech production. Given that higher expertise should involve more efficient use of brain regions, these results demonstrate that they represent functional adaptations after long-term skill acquisition and the practice of those skills, namely, neural plasticity as opposed to plaster. (Kyung Hee University)
Abstract
Park, Haeil. 2017. fMRI Evidence of Neural Plasticity of Speech Skill Learning. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 42-3, 417-434. From an early age, speech experts learn complex speech skills, which they practice extensively from childhood throughout their entire careers. Using a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), we found significant differences in activation of language-related brain regions including Broca’s area, premotor cortex, precuneus, and cerebellum by comparing voice actors with a matched group of nonexpert controls. There was less extent of activation for the former than for the latter in Broca’s area and the premotor cortex, which is taken to indicate that voice actors use less planning and execution of speech geustures. More fucused and less diffuse neural activation in the cerebellum and the precuneus for speech experts is argued to mean their making less of an effort in coordinating and controlling speech articulators during speech production. Given that higher expertise should involve more efficient use of brain regions, these results demonstrate that they represent functional adaptations after long-term skill acquisition and the practice of those skills, namely, neural plasticity as opposed to plaster. (Kyung Hee University)
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