한일 고전시가 어부 형상의 전개와 그 대비적 특질

Abstract

In this thesis, I tried to help to comprehend the fishermen's song which is one of the major motives in the East Asian poetry. I examined the development of Korean and Japanese fishermen's song roughly and summarized contradistinctive characteristics. It means researcher's view became wider than the former researchers' who focused on the relation between Korean and Chinese. As everybody knows, the fishermen's image in Korean classic poetry written in vernacular or Chinese appeared in the middle and late 12th century. And then, as the newly-rising aristocracy(新興士大夫) became a main writer's group in the late 14th century, the fishermen's song were written in earnest. Until the late of Joseon, it had been handed down actively in the illustrious officials(兩班士大夫) who were the leading enjoyers. They whose ideology were Neo-Confucianism(性理學), established ‘the Rivers and Lakes’(江湖) as the ‘Retired Scholar’(處士)'s place opposed to real political affairs. Therefore, their the Rivers and Lakes-oriented intentions were reflected in the fishermen's image. As I kept this fact in mind, I shown the fishermen's image in the Japanese classic poetry as below. I could not find the fishermen's image as a ‘Retired Scholar’ retired in ‘the Rivers and Lakes’ in Waka(和歌) that is vernacular poem of Japanese classic poetry. Few examples were found in modern Haikai(俳諧) that actively adopted Chinese poem's traditions. Waka is the genre that represented the nobility's splendid culture and was enjoyed by the nobility and their intimate people. That is why they could not regarded the fishermen's world as an ideal place. On the other hand, Chinese poem which succeeded to the fishermen's song, had been created actively from the early 9th century. However there was few dichotomy for the world in the Chinese poem. Unlike Korean cases, those aimed at the monistic and nonpolitical ‘unworldly place’ in most poem. We could understand the Japanese writers' characteristics in this Chinese poem. In Japan, the illustrious official's class could not made in the literary men, because the Official Appointment System did not work. Therefore, the main class who brought on the Chinese poem' prosperity, were composed of confucian scholars, Buddhist monks and literary men. They were excluded from the real political affairs. Therefore, it was unrealistic that the fishermen's image in ‘the Rivers and Lakes’ as the ‘Retired Scholars' Place’ brought out the real world in sharp relief.