신라 화랑과 일본 舍人의 비교 연구

Abstract

This paper examined Korea's Hwarang and Japan's Toneri(舍人) in comparative perspectives. Main conclusions are as follow: First, Silla Hwarang and Japan's Toneri have common characteristics in attaching importance to origin, age, beautiful appearances. But they have differences in that, while Hwarang, being a national organization, had a strong public nature, Japan's Toneri which belonged to individuals in royal palace had rather a weak public inclination. Second, Hwarang and Toneri also have a common feature in that military function as well as social change had played important roles in establishing them. However, there are differences between the two countries in birth place and changing process of the members. Third, Hwarang and Toneri show common feature in that they both entered to public service through training process and that they attached importance to elegance. There are also differences. The elegance Hwarang pursued was, on the one hand, related to poetical music and moon and was, on the other hand, one of important tools for cultivating personality. It had a strong sense of public function. Contrary, Japanese elegance shared the meaning of music at banquets and of sensuality. Fourth, Hwarang and Toneri both played leading parts for Korean and Japanese literature, respectively. Works of Hwarang have a strong feeling of aggressiveness and masculine, of serious and religious nature, and contain many pieces for the nation and the king, On the contrary, works of Japanese Toneri are more private, feminine, delicate, and sorrowful.