캐서린/히스클리프의 트라우마: 『워더링 하이츠』 연구
Catherine’s and Heathcliff’s Trauma: A Study on Wuthering Heights
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This study attempts to illuminate Catherine’s and Heathcliff’s trauma and its inner causality. The understanding of the outbreak and symptoms of trauma, and the recovery process of the two characters, reveal an inner causality in Heathcliff’s cruel revenge and his dramatic change into choosing a voluntary death, and also illuminate the inner logic in Catherine’s severe self-division after Heathcliff’s return and her derangement leading to her death. Catherine’s trauma begins when she experiences sudden separation from Heathcliff and self-division after staying at Thrushcross Grange. In her nervous derangement Catherine finally confronts her trauma. Not overcoming her trauma, however, she escapes to the fantasy of being together with Heathcliff in her childhood. She thereby tragically transcends the painful reality through her death. Heathcliff’s trauma begins with his sudden realization that he can never see Catherine despite his feeling her ghost around him. It leads him to take relentless revenge. While telling his story to Nelly, however, he can eventually understand the cause and meaning of his traumatic experience. The curing of his trauma leads him to realize the futility of his revenge and regain his original self. Therefore, Heathcliff’s eventual ecstatic unity with Catherine through his death can be a tragic achievement. The inner causality of their trauma is conveyed persuasively through the effective use of narrator/listener Nelly, observers’ points of view, and repetitive narration. This makes Wuthering Heights a unique work creatively synthesizing an ordinary realistic novel and romance.
Abstract
This study attempts to illuminate Catherine’s and Heathcliff’s trauma and its inner causality. The understanding of the outbreak and symptoms of trauma, and the recovery process of the two characters, reveal an inner causality in Heathcliff’s cruel revenge and his dramatic change into choosing a voluntary death, and also illuminate the inner logic in Catherine’s severe self-division after Heathcliff’s return and her derangement leading to her death. Catherine’s trauma begins when she experiences sudden separation from Heathcliff and self-division after staying at Thrushcross Grange. In her nervous derangement Catherine finally confronts her trauma. Not overcoming her trauma, however, she escapes to the fantasy of being together with Heathcliff in her childhood. She thereby tragically transcends the painful reality through her death. Heathcliff’s trauma begins with his sudden realization that he can never see Catherine despite his feeling her ghost around him. It leads him to take relentless revenge. While telling his story to Nelly, however, he can eventually understand the cause and meaning of his traumatic experience. The curing of his trauma leads him to realize the futility of his revenge and regain his original self. Therefore, Heathcliff’s eventual ecstatic unity with Catherine through his death can be a tragic achievement. The inner causality of their trauma is conveyed persuasively through the effective use of narrator/listener Nelly, observers’ points of view, and repetitive narration. This makes Wuthering Heights a unique work creatively synthesizing an ordinary realistic novel and romance.
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