『핀처 마틴 』에 나타난 두 가지 환상: 상징적 허구와 환상적 유령
Two Fantasies in Pincher Martin: Symbolic Fiction and Fantasmatic Spectre
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Golding’s Pincher Martin is a survival narrative which describes Martin’s struggle for survival and his (metaphysical) death on the rock. The gimmick ending, which reveals Martin’s death at the beginning of the novel, however, proves Martin’s struggle for survival to be a fantasy constructed by Martin himself. However, the black lightening, which destroys Martin and his fantasy at the end of the novel, is also another kind of fantasy. Thus, the concept of Žižekean fantasy is instrumental in understanding the novel where the drama of Martin’s metaphysical survival and death takes place in the form of two fantasies. Martin, when drowned and faced with the world of death/non-existence, denies his death, and constructs a “symbolic fiction”(Žižekean fantasy 1), Lacanian symbolic order, to maintain his illusion of being alive. Fantasy 1, in this way, functions as the screen which masks the real of his death/non-existence. The fictionality of his constructed world (fantasy 1) is later revealed by another fantasy (Žižekean fantasy 2) in the form of the black lightening which erases Martin and his fantasy 1, as if they were written words. This fantasy 2 is the embodiment of Lacanian real which makes its appearance as fantasmatic spectre. Fantasy 1 and fantasy 2 are, however, like the front and the reverse of the same coin. Fantasy 1 cannot be maintained without Fantasy 2, just as the symbolic order needs its opponent, the real, for its existence. The symbolic fiction and fantasmatic spectre which dramatize Martin’s metaphysical survival and death are in this sense co-dependent in their incompatibility.
Abstract
Golding’s Pincher Martin is a survival narrative which describes Martin’s struggle for survival and his (metaphysical) death on the rock. The gimmick ending, which reveals Martin’s death at the beginning of the novel, however, proves Martin’s struggle for survival to be a fantasy constructed by Martin himself. However, the black lightening, which destroys Martin and his fantasy at the end of the novel, is also another kind of fantasy. Thus, the concept of Žižekean fantasy is instrumental in understanding the novel where the drama of Martin’s metaphysical survival and death takes place in the form of two fantasies. Martin, when drowned and faced with the world of death/non-existence, denies his death, and constructs a “symbolic fiction”(Žižekean fantasy 1), Lacanian symbolic order, to maintain his illusion of being alive. Fantasy 1, in this way, functions as the screen which masks the real of his death/non-existence. The fictionality of his constructed world (fantasy 1) is later revealed by another fantasy (Žižekean fantasy 2) in the form of the black lightening which erases Martin and his fantasy 1, as if they were written words. This fantasy 2 is the embodiment of Lacanian real which makes its appearance as fantasmatic spectre. Fantasy 1 and fantasy 2 are, however, like the front and the reverse of the same coin. Fantasy 1 cannot be maintained without Fantasy 2, just as the symbolic order needs its opponent, the real, for its existence. The symbolic fiction and fantasmatic spectre which dramatize Martin’s metaphysical survival and death are in this sense co-dependent in their incompatibility.
참고문헌 (17)
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