호손의 로맨스론: 「 세관」을 중심으로 한 비교문학적 검토
Hawthorne’s Theory of Romance A Comparative Study Focusing on “The Custom-House”
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Abstract
The American romance is a kind of literary mutation in the history of 19th century Western novel. Since the mid 1940s, critics have appropriated it in one way or another for the construction of American canons dominated by Anglo-Saxon white male writers. The romance has been wily exploited as a central medium in the ideological manipulation of the canonicity of American novel. Hawthorne’s theory of romance, scattered mostly in his prefaces, among which “The Custom-House” is commonly referred to as the crucial manifestation of his theory of romance, famously known as “a neutral territory”, is indispensable in critical thinking of the ideology of romance discourse. In this paper, the various historical implications of Hawthorne’s idea of romance are analyzed in comparison with those of other self-styled romance writers in and out of the American republic of letters such as William Gilmore Simms, Poe, Henry James, E.T.A Hoffmann and Mikhail Bulgakov. Through this comparative study, a creative (dis)continuation of Hawthorne’s Romance with European realism represented by Dickens, Tolstoy or Balzac is significantly revealed while its complex nature as a sue generis of the American romance is confirmed anew. But its more rigorous scrutiny awaits a close reading of The Scarlet Letter.
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