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헨리 제임스의 『여인의 초상』: 이자벨 아처의 선택과 결말의 해석문제

A Study on Isabel Archer’s Choices and the Problematic Ending in Henry James’s The Portrait of a Lady

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This essay intends to interrogate Isabel Archer’s choices and the problematic ending in Henry James’s The Portrait of a Lady. Many critics agree that her choices are related to the problem of her liberty and independence. In this respect, this work is about her growth, which shows how Isabel’s choices and her liberty conflict with convention, and how she is assimilated to the society. Then, did Isabel Archer renounce her liberty and independence when she returned to Rome where her egoistic husband, Gilbert Osmond, lived at the end of the novel? This essay maintains that this problematic ending as well as her choices is constructed on James’ intention to search into the New Woman Isabel’s interaction to the realities and her consciousness. This article ultimately argues that James investigates the subjectivity of the New Woman, making Isabel choose constantly in her life. James explores her consciousness especially in her confronting the problem of marriage which was the biggest problem to the New Woman. Unlike other contemporary novels which ended with marriage, this work continues to show Isabel’s life after marriage, which enables James to examine Isabel’s consciousness of her choices. In this regard, the so-called problematic “open ending” is consistent with James’s representation of Isabel’s choices which exhibits the stream of the consciousness of the New Woman through psychological realism.

Abstract

This essay intends to interrogate Isabel Archer’s choices and the problematic ending in Henry James’s The Portrait of a Lady. Many critics agree that her choices are related to the problem of her liberty and independence. In this respect, this work is about her growth, which shows how Isabel’s choices and her liberty conflict with convention, and how she is assimilated to the society. Then, did Isabel Archer renounce her liberty and independence when she returned to Rome where her egoistic husband, Gilbert Osmond, lived at the end of the novel? This essay maintains that this problematic ending as well as her choices is constructed on James’ intention to search into the New Woman Isabel’s interaction to the realities and her consciousness. This article ultimately argues that James investigates the subjectivity of the New Woman, making Isabel choose constantly in her life. James explores her consciousness especially in her confronting the problem of marriage which was the biggest problem to the New Woman. Unlike other contemporary novels which ended with marriage, this work continues to show Isabel’s life after marriage, which enables James to examine Isabel’s consciousness of her choices. In this regard, the so-called problematic “open ending” is consistent with James’s representation of Isabel’s choices which exhibits the stream of the consciousness of the New Woman through psychological realism.

참고문헌 (21)

  1. "A Psychoanalytic Portrait of Isabel Archer New Essays on The Portrait of a Lady", pp.123~62 (1990)
  2. "Revision and Thematic Change in The Portrait of a Lady", pp.620~634 (1995), New York: Norton & Company
  3. "Meaning in Henry James Reprinted in The Portrait of a Lady", pp.748~83 (1991), Norton & Company
  4. "Aestheticism and The Portrait of a Lady A Collection of Critical Essays", pp.60~78 (1994), Prentice-Hall Inc
  5. "The High Brutality of Good Intentions", pp.692~700 (1995), New York: Norton & Company
  6. "Deep Background for The Portrait of a Lady New Essays on The Portrait of a Lady", pp.49~91 (1990)
  7. "The Marriage", pp.700~711 (1995), New York: Norton & Company
  8. James, "The Prefaces to the New York Edition Literary Classics of the United States" (1984), Inc
  9. James, Henry, "The Manners of American Women", pp.82~112 (1999), Lincoln: Univ. of Nebraska Press
  10. James, Henry, "The Notebooks of Henry James", pp.639~44 (1947), Oxford Univ Norton & Company
  11. ______, "The Portrait of a Lady" (1984), Penguin Books
  12. "The Speech of American Women", pp.58~81 (1999), Lincoln: Univ. of Nebraska Press
  13. "The New Isabel", pp.597~619 (1995), New York: Norton & Company
  14. "The Portrait of a Lady", pp.7~37 (1984), Penguin Books
  15. "Henry James: The Young Master" (1996), New York: Random House
  16. "From Blakwood's", pp.668~676 (1995), New York: Norton & Company
  17. "Wasn't all history full of the destruction of precious things?: Missing Mothers, Feminized Fathers, and the Purchase of Freedom in Henry James's The Portrait of a Lady", 26(2), pp.147~167 (2005)
  18. "From The Atlantic Monthly", pp.665~668 (1995), New York: Norton & Company
  19. "Visions of Gender in Victorian America" (1985)
  20. "The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today" (2001), New York: Penguin
  21. "On the Portrait of a Lady", pp.677~691 (1995), New York: Norton & Company

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