본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

The “Almost” Reformers: Isabella Bird’s De-Radicalizing of Grassroots Reforms in Korea and Her Neighbors

박주현
한국근대영미소설학회 (The Korean Society of British and American Fiction)|2020.08|근대영미소설 (British and American Fiction)|제27권 제2호|pp. 59-86

0

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

DonghakKorea and Her NeighborsIsabella BirdPeasant rebellionGrassroots reformIndigenous reformAnticolonial reform
주제분류영어와문학

초록

Isabella Bird’s Korea and Her Neighbors is one of the most significant travelogues on Korea which grants us a window into the lives of Koreans in the 1890s, including the ways in which they responded to the changes caused by domestic and international political turbulence. However, Korea has remained in the margins of Victorian and Bird scholarship alike. This paper responds to this gap and examines Korea with a specific focus on Bird’s evaluation of the Donghak movement. Bird at first identifies the Donghaks as “armed reformers rather than rebels.” However, such a positive assessment of the Donghak peasants is short lived, as Bird rescinds her approval of them in her later chapters. The swift change in Bird’s attitude towards the Donghaks as well as her reluctance to lay out the details of their reform projects, this paper argues, stem from the incompatibility between the Donghak’s anti­colonial vision that grounded their syncretic reforms and her own idea of reform suitable for “Oriental” societies, a reform that pushes towards progress as defined by the West.

Abstract

Isabella Bird’s Korea and Her Neighbors is one of the most significant travelogues on Korea which grants us a window into the lives of Koreans in the 1890s, including the ways in which they responded to the changes caused by domestic and international political turbulence. However, Korea has remained in the margins of Victorian and Bird scholarship alike. This paper responds to this gap and examines Korea with a specific focus on Bird’s evaluation of the Donghak movement. Bird at first identifies the Donghaks as “armed reformers rather than rebels.” However, such a positive assessment of the Donghak peasants is short lived, as Bird rescinds her approval of them in her later chapters. The swift change in Bird’s attitude towards the Donghaks as well as her reluctance to lay out the details of their reform projects, this paper argues, stem from the incompatibility between the Donghak’s anti­colonial vision that grounded their syncretic reforms and her own idea of reform suitable for “Oriental” societies, a reform that pushes towards progress as defined by the West.

참고문헌 (34)

  1. 김영호, "정읍 황토현 전적지 동학농민 혁명 기념관", 전북 도민일보, ~ (2018)
  2. 김혜승, "동학농민운동의 정치학적 의의 -국제정치 및 국내정치와의 연관성을 중심으로-", 동학학보, 11(2), pp.35~64 (2007), 동학학회
  3. 김희영, "어느 서양인의 눈에 비친 소래마을의 동학농민전쟁", 동학연구, (28), pp.77~102 (2010), 한국동학학회
  4. 백승종, "1894년 동학농민운동의 성격 - 농민의 관점에서 -", 역사연구, (27), pp.7~25 (2014), 역사학연구소
  5. 비온티노 유리안(Juljan Biontino), "한말 시기 조선에서 서양인이 본 동학운동“습격자”인가 “개혁자”인가?", 동학학보, (28), pp.483~533 (2013), 동학학회
  6. 황묘희, "집강소의 농민사회 신질서 수립을 위한 개혁활동", 동학학보, 10(2), pp.365~389 (2006), 동학학회
  7. Bird, Isabella, "Korea and Her Neighbors: A Narrative of Travel, with an Account of the Recent Vicissitudes and Present Position of the Country. 2 vols" (1898), Google Books
  8. Chong, Key Ray, "Cho’e Che-U’s Tonghak Doctrine: Its Sources and Meaning, 1860-1864", Journal of Korean Studies, 1(2), pp.71~84 (1971)
  9. Cumings, Bruce, "Korea’s Place in the Sun : A Modern History" (1997), Norton
  10. Elliott, Andrew, "‘It is Japan, But Yet There is a Difference Somehow’: Editorial Change and Yezo in Isabella Bird’s Unbeaten Tracks in Japan", Journeys, 9(1), pp.1~20 (2008)
  11. Elliott, Andrew, "Ito and Isabella in the Contact Zone: Interpretation, Mimicry and Unbeaten Tracks in Japan", Electric Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies, 8(3) (2008)
  12. Gragert, Edwin H, "Landownership Under Colonial Rule: Korea’s Japanese Experience, 1900-1935" (1994), U of Hawaii P
  13. Harper, Lila Marz, "Solitary Travellers : Nineteenth-Century Women’s Travel Narratives and the Scientific Vocation" (2001), Fairleigh Dickinson UP
  14. Junkin, William M, "The Tong Hak", The Korea Repository, 2, pp.56~60 (1895), Google Books
  15. Kallendar, George, "Salvation Through Dissent : Tonghak Heterodoxy and Early Modern Korea" (2014), U of Hawaii P
  16. Katsiaficas, George, "Asia’s Unknown Uprisings. Vol. 1: South Korean Social Movements in the 20th Century" (2012), PM
  17. Kim, Sun Joo, "Taxes, the Local Elites, and the Rural Populace in the Chinju Uprising of 1862", The Journal of Asian Studies, 66(4), pp.993~1027 (2007)
  18. Lee, Josephine, "The Japan of Pure Invention" (2010), U of Minnesota P
  19. Lew, Young-Ik, "The Conservative Character of the 1984 Tonghak Peasant Uprising: A Reappraisal with Emphasis on Chŏn Pong-jun’s Background and Motivation", The Journal of Korean Studies, 7, pp.149~180 (1990)
  20. Lowell, Percival, "Chosön; the Land of the Morning Calm: A Sketch of Korea" (2018), Franklin Classics
  21. McCully, Elizabeth A, "A Corn of Wheat: The Life of Rev. W. J. McKenzie of Korea", Internet Archive, ~ (1904)
  22. McKenzie, F. A, "The Tragedy of Korea" (1908), E. P. Dutton
  23. Ono, Ayako, "Japanisme in Britain: Whistler, Menpes, Henry, Hornel and Nineteenth-Century Japan" (2003), Routledge
  24. Ozawa, Shizen, "Steve Clark and Paul Smethurst", pp.87~98 (2008), Hong Kong UP
  25. Park, Joohyun, "Missing Link Found, 1880: The Rhetoric of Colonial Progress in Isabella Bird’s Unbeaten Tracks in Japan", Victorian Literature and Culture, 43(2), pp.371~388 (2015)
  26. Park, Jihang, "Land of the Morning Calm, Land of the Rising Sun: The East Asia Travel Writings of Isabella Bird and George Curzon", Modern Asian Studies, 36(3), pp.513~534 (2002)
  27. Ranciere, Jacques, "Dis-agreement: Politics and Philosophy" (1999), U of Minnesota P
  28. "Revolt in Korea Grows", New York Times, ~ (1895)
  29. Sohn, Pow-key, "“Forward.” Korea and Her Neighbours: A Narrative of Travel, with an Account of the Recent Vicissitudes and Present Position of the Country. By Isabella Bird. 1898", Yonsei UP, iii~v (1970)
  30. Sterry, Lorraine, "Victorian Women Travellers in Meiji Japan: Discovering a “New” Land" (2009), Global Oriental
  31. Williams, Lawrence, "Isabella Bird, Victorian Globalism, and Unbeaten Tracks in Japan (1880)", Studies in Travel Writing, 21(1), pp.1~16 (2017)
  32. 山田良介, "Japanese Resident in Korea and the Modernization of Choson - A Preliminary analysis based on the case of the conflicts related to the Panggongnyong-", International Journal of Korean History, 10, pp.95~120 (2006), 민족문화연구원
  33. Yi, Ki-baek, "New History of Korea" (1984), Harvard UP
  34. Yokoyama, Toshio, "Japan in the Victorian Mind: A Study of Stereotyped Images of a Nation 1850-80" (1987), MacMillan

관련 논문AI추천

“I Wish They Were All Christians”: On Isabella Bird’s Grapplings with Indigenous Beliefs in Unbeaten Tracks in Japan박주현국제언어인문학회 · 인문언어2022 · 제24권 제1호Unscrambling Imperial Contradictions: Navigating Colonial Visions, Disruptive Realities, and Narrative Ruptures in The Yangtze Valley and Beyond박주현한국근대영미소설학회 · 근대영미소설2025 · 제32권 제1호Diplomacy and Memoir-Writing: Representing Asia in Flora Annie Steel and Isabella Bishop박형지한국근대영미소설학회 · 근대영미소설2009 · 제16권 제2호동방의 타자: 이사벨라 버드 비숍의 『한국과 그 이웃나라들』신문수규장각한국학연구원 · 한국문화2009 · 제46호Korean Modernization and the Meaning of “Cosmopolitan” Culture: W. E. Griffis and James Scarth Gale’s Evolving Views on Japan and Korea’s Place in East AsiaDaniel Pieper한국학연구원 · Acta Koreana2024 · 제27권 제2호Negotiating Conventions: Geumwon and Her Nineteenth-Century Travel RecordJungwon Kim유교문화연구소 · Journal of Confucian Philosophy and Culture2021 · 제36호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (4건)

잘 팔리는 고아 되기: 『키다리 아저씨』에 나타난 자본주의적 생존 방식장기윤pp. 5-33멜빌의 진화론: 변이와 멸종에 관한 묵시록적 비전한광택pp. 35-57Functions of Frontispieces and Title Pages in Novels for Readers’ Reading Experiences이슬아pp. 87-105Bearing Witness to the Pain of Animalist Others: Troubled Kinship in H. G. Wells’s The Island of Doctor Moreau하인혜pp. 107-131
원문 보기