正祖의 先代王 認識과 그 特徵 - 『日得錄』 「訓語條」를 중심으로

Abstract

The Ildk-lok(日得錄) is a kind of the Anthology of king Jeongjo. We can find out the streams of king Jeongjo's thought on it more easily than on Kukjo-bogam(國朝寶鑑) and Jeongjo-silok(the Anthology of king Jeongjo). Although Jeong, Ok-ja had written a book about king Jeongjo's thought of education, thought of social coordination, and thought of arts and sciences by the Ildk-lok, it seems that she had confined king Jeongjo's thought in the narrow category we can call it just Neo-Confucian category. But not like this, we can confirm that there are more wider spectrums of king Jeongjo's thought if we investigate the Ildk-lok more carefully. In reality, there are many historical facts that it's different from Jeong, Ok-ja's opinion. King jeongjo not only respected Chu Hsi but also supported Buk- hak(Northern Learning). King Jeongjo not only encouraged Chinese classics but also emphasized the importance of martial arts. King Jeongjo not only asked for Munche-banjeong(文體反正: Keeping right writing style when composing to protect the right spirit of Neo-Confucianism) but also approved other religions. So we need more in-depth analysis to confirm the real aspect of king Jeongjo's thought. This article was written for this goal. I want to know the real political destination of king Jeongjo at that time through this article. We can find out there are much more utterances about king Hyojong(孝宗) than other earlier kings in the Ildk-lok. It seems that king Jeongjo had tried to lead the political circumstances with the instances of king Hyojong's era for himself. For the aims, king Jeongjo firstly insisted that Salim(山林: rural sages) appeared at the time of king Hyojong's reign. King Jeongjo wanted to use this fact for his political agenda, so-called 'Wuhyeon-jwacheok'(右賢左戚: for Confucian literati, against king's family-in-law). With this political agenda, king Jeongjo aimed and practiced to bring up Confucian literati belonged to Gyujangkak(奎章閣) as his right-hand troops. In other hand, there was the other reason for king Jeongjo to stress the era of king Hyojong because Song, Si-yoel, a master of Noron(the Older Faction) was lifted by king Hyojong at this time. Jeongjo tried to induce the Noron to obey himself by Song, Si-yoel's tale. For that, king Jeongjo stressed the fact that Song, Si-yoel was the most loyalist to the king Hyojong. We can see king Jeongjo's political destination in the cases of other earlier kings, not king Hyojong. King Jeongjo emphasized to have both literary and military accomplishments. It was a difficult task to stress to have both literary and military accomplishments in the traditional background of Neo-Confucian thought which all Neo-Confucian literati at that time in Joseon Dynasty hold in mind. But king Jeongjo criticized Neo-Confucian literati's weakness and stressed to be strong. Especially, king Jeongjo focused on earlier king Sejo(世祖) and earlier T'ang Chinese king T'ai Tsung(唐太宗). In reality, they were far from the moral rules of Neo-Confucianism. But king Jeongjo thought that they had established the strongest countries in both of literary and military accomplishments. King Jeongjo praised them for the reason and wanted to build the country such as theirs In conclusion, we can confirm the real political destination of king Jeongjo through his recognition on the many earlier kings. And we can know that to research the thought of king Jeongjo in just Neo-Confucian centric narrow category is not good method to understand the real aspect of king Jeongjo's thought correctly.