Changes in the Smartphone Usage and Influencing Factors in Young Children Before and After COVID-19
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The purpose of this study was to examine whether children’s smartphone usage behaviors and levels of overdependence had changed after COVID-19 and investigated the factors influencing the level of overdependence in children from before and after COVID-19. Data for this study came from the survey on smartphone overdependence conducted by Korean Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Information Society Agency, which focused on children aged 3 to 5. The dataset consisted of 857 children in 2019 and 766 children in 2022. The study used independent variable t-tests, cross-tabulation, and multiple regression analysis. The study found that compared to the pre-COVID-19 period, young children’s smartphone overall usage increased after COVID-19. The use of games, music, and videos significantly increased, while educational usage notably decreased. The rate of smartphone overdependence in young children also increased, with a significant rise in numbers in both the high-risk group and potential-risk group. Differences in sociodemographic factors influenced young children’s smartphone overdependence before and after COVID-19 Monthly income, which in 2019 was a factor intensifying overdependence, became an inhibiting factor to overdependence in 2022. The results of this study can be utilized for the development of educational programs and prevention initiatives regarding young children’s smartphone usage and overdependence.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine whether children’s smartphone usage behaviors and levels of overdependence had changed after COVID-19 and investigated the factors influencing the level of overdependence in children from before and after COVID-19. Data for this study came from the survey on smartphone overdependence conducted by Korean Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Information Society Agency, which focused on children aged 3 to 5. The dataset consisted of 857 children in 2019 and 766 children in 2022. The study used independent variable t-tests, cross-tabulation, and multiple regression analysis. The study found that compared to the pre-COVID-19 period, young children’s smartphone overall usage increased after COVID-19. The use of games, music, and videos significantly increased, while educational usage notably decreased. The rate of smartphone overdependence in young children also increased, with a significant rise in numbers in both the high-risk group and potential-risk group. Differences in sociodemographic factors influenced young children’s smartphone overdependence before and after COVID-19 Monthly income, which in 2019 was a factor intensifying overdependence, became an inhibiting factor to overdependence in 2022. The results of this study can be utilized for the development of educational programs and prevention initiatives regarding young children’s smartphone usage and overdependence.
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