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창의적 문제 해결력 구성 요소간의 역동적 상호작용에 관한 연구 분석

Verification of the Dynamic Interaction among Components of Creative Problem Solving

조석희
대한사고개발학회 (The Korean Association For Thinking Development)|2013.08|사고개발 (Korean Journal of Thinking Development)|제9권 제2호|pp. 47-69

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키워드

환경Motivation동기정의적 특성공간Environment언어수학확산적 사고창의적 문제해결수렴적 사고Convergent thinking일반 지식과 기능기반특정 영역의 지식과 기능 기반Creative problem solving modelDivergent thinkingKnowledge and skills baseAffective traits

초록

본 논문은 창의적 문제해결에 어떤 요소들이 관계되며, 과연 그 요소들간에는 어떤 상호작용이 이루어지는지를 살펴보았다. 창의적 문제해결의 역동적 시스템 모형은 확산적 사고, 수렴적 사고, 특정 영역의 지식과 기능 기반, 일반적 지식과 기능 기반, 동기, 환경이 창의적으로 문제를 해결하는데 영향을 미친다고 주장한다. 이 논문에서는 수학 창의적 문제해결에 관여하는 요소들간의 예측적인 관계와 언어, 수리, 공간 창의적 문제해결에 관여하는 정의적 특성들간의 예측적인 관계를 경로분석을 통해 검증한 연구를 제시하였다. 이 검증 결과, 환경, 동기, 수렴적 및 확산적 사고가 일반 지식과 기능 기반을 예측하고, 일반지식과 기능 기반은 수학 지식과 기능 기반을 예측하며, 이 수학 지식과 기능기반은 다시 창의적 문제해결을 예측함을 확인해주었다. 확산적 사고는 수학 창의적 문제해결을 직접 예측하기도 했다. 언어, 수리, 공간 창의적 문제해결에 영행을 주는 정의적 특성에 관한 경로 분석결과도 학업성취에 영향을 주는 정의적 특성들이 언어, 수리, 공간 창의적 문제해결에 영향을 주는 특성들을 예측하고, 이들이 최종적으로 언어, 수리, 공간 창의적 문제해결을 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과들은 창의적 문제해결의 역동적 시스템 모형의 타당성을 일부 확인해준 것으로 볼 수 있다.

Abstract

It has been claimed that such components as motivation, knowledge and skills in general, knowledge and skills in specific domains, divergent thinking and convergent thinking are involved in creativity or creative problem solving through literature. This study reviewed a couple of studies which verified the validity of the dynamic system model of creative problem solving in Taiwan and Korea. In addition it is necessary to examine how affective traits which might influence the knowledge and skills base and the motivation needed for creative problem solving might interact each other as well. Data of Taiwanese elementary students in Grades 5 to 6 confirmed that all five components are valid through path analyses. Divergent thinking, convergent thinking and environment were found to predict general knowledge and skills base, which predicts knowledge and skills base in math, which predicts math creative problem solving. Divergent thinking also directly predicts math creative problem solving. Korean elementary school students data also confirmed the similar relationship among the affective traits. The creative problem solving was directly predicted by intrinsic motivation, the preference for creative problem solving and preference for challenging tasks and indirectly by beliefs in intelligence which were known to influence knowledge and skills base. The results indirectly confirmed that the knowledge and skills base has to do with creative problem solving.

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