Living site, living values: the Matendera festival as practice in community conservation and presentation
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The Matendera festival is a ceremony conducted annuallyto celebrate the intangible heritage of the Shona peopleof Buhera in eastern Zimbabwe, popularly known as theVahera, through their native dances, traditional musicand cuisine, and a marathon. The ceremony is hostedannually at Matendera, a spectacular dry-stone-walledIron Age site whose builders are historically connectedto the Vahera. Through co-ordinating the efforts ofthe National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe(NMMZ), the Buhera Rural District Council (BRDC) andother secondary stakeholders, the Vahera communitygathers at Matendera to showcase their traditional foods,dances and games as part of their efforts to celebrateand experience Hera history and culture in relation tothe tangible aspects of Matendera, a former abode oftheir ancestors. In this paper, we show how we usedarchaeological ethnography as a methodology for engagingthe communities in conversations about the intangiblemeanings and importance of this festival. We illustratehow the circulation of knowledge in a festival is differentfrom that in a traditional museum, by presenting aspects ofintangible heritage that manifest in the form of traditionaldances, foods, songs and social games. Ultimately, thefact that the history and archaeology of Matendera islargely enshrined within its monumental architectureenables the use of archaeological ethnography as a toolfor understanding the contemporary social context of thesite. Thus, we argue that Matendera cannot be divorcedfrom the intangible practices that are showcased thereduring the festival.
Abstract
The Matendera festival is a ceremony conducted annuallyto celebrate the intangible heritage of the Shona peopleof Buhera in eastern Zimbabwe, popularly known as theVahera, through their native dances, traditional musicand cuisine, and a marathon. The ceremony is hostedannually at Matendera, a spectacular dry-stone-walledIron Age site whose builders are historically connectedto the Vahera. Through co-ordinating the efforts ofthe National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe(NMMZ), the Buhera Rural District Council (BRDC) andother secondary stakeholders, the Vahera communitygathers at Matendera to showcase their traditional foods,dances and games as part of their efforts to celebrateand experience Hera history and culture in relation tothe tangible aspects of Matendera, a former abode oftheir ancestors. In this paper, we show how we usedarchaeological ethnography as a methodology for engagingthe communities in conversations about the intangiblemeanings and importance of this festival. We illustratehow the circulation of knowledge in a festival is differentfrom that in a traditional museum, by presenting aspects ofintangible heritage that manifest in the form of traditionaldances, foods, songs and social games. Ultimately, thefact that the history and archaeology of Matendera islargely enshrined within its monumental architectureenables the use of archaeological ethnography as a toolfor understanding the contemporary social context of thesite. Thus, we argue that Matendera cannot be divorcedfrom the intangible practices that are showcased thereduring the festival.
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