Three-dimensional Analysis of Root Canal Curvature of Mandibular First Molars in a Korean Population Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional characteristics of the mandibular first molar, especially canal curvature by using CBCT and three-dimensional modeling software. Methods: CBCT images of 300 mandibular first molars were evaluated retrospectively from Korean 150 patients who visited the Yonsei Dental Hospital from August 2009 to July 2011. The central axis was defined from CBCT image using the V-Work software and reconstructed three-dimensional forms by Kappa program. The numbers and locations of curvatures in each canal of 109 mandibular first molars were recorded in Kappa program. Directions of curve (overall direction of canal, the direction of the first curve from orifice and the last direction of apical curve) were measured from occlusal view. Results: All canals of mandibular first molars had more than 2.52 curvatures per each canal and almost all curvatures were measured over 25°. Overall canal direction of mandibular first molars proceeded mostly toward DB direction except DB canals of 3 root 4 canal teeth. MB and ML canal had first curve to mostly MB direction (54.0-82.6% of MB canals, 52.2-60.9% of ML canals) despite the general running direction through the apex toward the DB direction. Besides, MB and ML canals got severe curve angle by 28.5-40.6° below orifices. Conclusions: More accurate understanding of three-dimensional root canal system’s figuration is needed for prevention of errors in endodontic procedures and successful endodontic treatment.
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional characteristics of the mandibular first molar, especially canal curvature by using CBCT and three-dimensional modeling software. Methods: CBCT images of 300 mandibular first molars were evaluated retrospectively from Korean 150 patients who visited the Yonsei Dental Hospital from August 2009 to July 2011. The central axis was defined from CBCT image using the V-Work software and reconstructed three-dimensional forms by Kappa program. The numbers and locations of curvatures in each canal of 109 mandibular first molars were recorded in Kappa program. Directions of curve (overall direction of canal, the direction of the first curve from orifice and the last direction of apical curve) were measured from occlusal view. Results: All canals of mandibular first molars had more than 2.52 curvatures per each canal and almost all curvatures were measured over 25°. Overall canal direction of mandibular first molars proceeded mostly toward DB direction except DB canals of 3 root 4 canal teeth. MB and ML canal had first curve to mostly MB direction (54.0-82.6% of MB canals, 52.2-60.9% of ML canals) despite the general running direction through the apex toward the DB direction. Besides, MB and ML canals got severe curve angle by 28.5-40.6° below orifices. Conclusions: More accurate understanding of three-dimensional root canal system’s figuration is needed for prevention of errors in endodontic procedures and successful endodontic treatment.
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