프랑코 체제 전기 팔랑헤당 여성단의 정체성 문제
On the Identity of the Sección Femenina of the Falange in the Former Period of Franco Regime
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The Sección Femenina of the Falange(henceforth SF) was founded in June 1934, and existed for 43 years under the leadership of Pilar Primo de Rivera, reaching at its peak a membership of over 600,000. From the moment of its establishment, the activities assigned to its members were based on highly conservative perceptions of the appropriate division of gender roles. This paper deals with identity's problem of the SF in the former period of Franco Regime. Most historians and activists on the Left saw the SF as an organization predominantly occupied with solidifying a traditionalist image of the 'Spanish Woman', whereas Ex-Sección Femenina members offered a radically different interpretation of their legacy. High-ranking sección femenistas felt that the Falangist doctrine offered them a unique political alternative as both Spaniards and women. Many expressed the view that the organization's goals and spirit were highly distinct from those of other female organizations in nationalist Spain. In order to get the better understanding of SF's position on gender issues and its proclaimed goals we examine in more detail the main ideologies, representative models and practical activities of the SF. This examination, in turn, can assist us to understand better the organization's position and role and its influence to spanish women under the Franco Regime.
Abstract
The Sección Femenina of the Falange(henceforth SF) was founded in June 1934, and existed for 43 years under the leadership of Pilar Primo de Rivera, reaching at its peak a membership of over 600,000. From the moment of its establishment, the activities assigned to its members were based on highly conservative perceptions of the appropriate division of gender roles. This paper deals with identity's problem of the SF in the former period of Franco Regime. Most historians and activists on the Left saw the SF as an organization predominantly occupied with solidifying a traditionalist image of the 'Spanish Woman', whereas Ex-Sección Femenina members offered a radically different interpretation of their legacy. High-ranking sección femenistas felt that the Falangist doctrine offered them a unique political alternative as both Spaniards and women. Many expressed the view that the organization's goals and spirit were highly distinct from those of other female organizations in nationalist Spain. In order to get the better understanding of SF's position on gender issues and its proclaimed goals we examine in more detail the main ideologies, representative models and practical activities of the SF. This examination, in turn, can assist us to understand better the organization's position and role and its influence to spanish women under the Franco Regime.
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