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국내 중소기업의 글로벌 경쟁력 강화: 기업가적 지향성과 비즈니스 혁신의 역할

Enhancing Global Competitiveness of Domestic SMEs: The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Innovation

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초록

본 연구는 급변하는 시장 상황과 치열한 경쟁 속에서 중소기업의 글로벌 경쟁력 강화를 위한 기업가적 지향성과 비즈니스 혁신의 중요성을 실증적으로 분석하였다. ‘2022 기업가정신 실태조사’ 자료를 활용하여, 중소기업의 기업가적 지향성이 비즈니스 혁신과 기업 성과에 미치는 영향을 구조방정식 모형을 통해 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 기업가적 지향성의 하위요인인 혁신성, 진취성, 자율성, 경쟁추구성, 성취욕구가 비즈니스 혁신에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 특히 자율성이 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 위험감수성은 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이는 중소기업이 혁신 활동을 추진할 때 위험을 감수하는 것보다 자율성을 높이는 것이 더 효과적임을 시사한다. 또한 비즈니스 혁신은 매출을 포함한 다양한 성과 지표에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구는 중소기업의 경쟁력 강화를 위해 기업가적 지향성과 비즈니스 혁신의 중요성을 강조하며, 이를 통해 중소기업이 지속 가능한 성장을 이루기 위해 필요한 전략적 방향성을 제시한다. 특히, 중소기업의 구성원들에게 자율성을 부여하고 혁신적인 비즈니스 생태계를 구축하는 것이 기업 성과에 중요함을 강조한다.

Abstract

This study empirically analyzes the importance of entrepreneurial orientation and business innovation for enhancing the global competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the face of rapidly changing market conditions and intense competition. Using data from the ‘2022 Entrepreneurship Survey’, the study examines the impact of SMEs' entrepreneurial orientation on business innovation and firm performance through a structural equation model. The results indicate that the sub-dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation, namely innovativeness, proactiveness, autonomy, competitive aggressiveness, and need for achievement, positively affect business innovation, with autonomy having the most significant impact. However, risk-taking did not show a significant effect. This suggests that for SMEs, increasing autonomy is more effective than taking risks when pursuing innovation activities. Furthermore, business innovation positively influenced various performance indicators, including revenue. This study emphasizes the importance of entrepreneurial orientation and business innovation for strengthening the competitiveness of SMEs and provides strategic directions necessary for achieving sustainable growth. It particularly highlights the significance of granting autonomy to SME members and establishing an innovative business ecosystem for improving firm performance.

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