시편 연구에 대한 화행이론(化行理論)의 적절성과 유용성: 찬양시 분석을 중심으로
The Adequacy and Usefulness of Speech-Act Theory to Psalm Studies: the Analysis of Praise Psalms
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본 연구의 목적은 화행이론(化行理論 = speech act theory)을 찬양시에 적용하여 시편 해석 방법론으로서 그 적절성과 유용성을 타진하는 데 있다. 주지하듯이 오랫동안 양식비평을 통해 연구되어 왔던 시편은 1970~80년대를 기점으로 정경비평으로 분석되기 시작했다. 개별적인 시편에 대한 분석에서 시편서 전체를 고려한 분석으로 혹은 인접한 시편들과의 긴밀한 관계에 대한 분석으로 전환된 것이다. 흥미롭게도 이러한 방법론적 시각 전환은 독자들에게 시편서 전체를 고려하며 묵상할 수 있도록 하는 시각을 제공했다는 장점도 있지만, 동시에 개별 시편을 통해 전달되는 시인(화자)의 목소리가 퇴색되는 한계도 보여주었다. 시편서 전체와 그것을 조형한 최종 공동체와의 관계에 집중하다보니 개별 시편을 통해 메시지를 전달하는 시인(화자)의 목소리가 무대 아래로 가라앉게 된 것이다. 본 논문은 이런 한계를 화행이론으로 극복할 수 있다고 제안하고 있으며, 그 극복 가능성을 찬양시에 화행이론의 개념을 적용하고 활용함으로써 찬양시의 발화수반행위, 곧 ‘간증’(witness)의 목소리를 드러내고자 한다.
Abstract
The goal of this study is to apply the speech-act theory to praise psalms and demonstrate the adequacy and usefulness of the theory. As is known, the Book of Psalms, which have long been studied by form criticism, has begun by canonical criticism since 1970-1980. It implies that the study on the Book of Psalms has shifted from the examination of individual psalms to the analysis of psalms as a whole or to the analysis of the close relationship of neighboring psalms, either on a macro-structural level or on the micro-structural level. Interestingly, the methodological shift has helped readers appreciate the Book of Psalms as a whole, but at the same time the voice of the utter (psalmist) got discolored. The focus on the whole Psalter and its relationship with the community that finalized the Psalms abated the voice of psalmists who tried to convey messages through individual psalms. The study argues that the speech-act could overcome this limitation, showing the adequacy and usefulness of the method to praise psalms.
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