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Public Health and Constitutional Rights During the COVID-19 Pandemic

전상현
아시아태평양법연구소 (Asia Pacific Law Institute)|2021.08|Journal of Korean Law|제20권 제2호|pp. 429-463|DOI 10.23110/jkl.2021.20.2.003

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참고문헌

키워드

COVID-19Infectious DiseasePublic HealthRight to HealthProhibition of Mass Gatherings

초록

Measures to control and prevent the spread of infectious diseases, including the prohibition of mass gathering, closure of facilities, compulsory medical examinations, hospitalization or quarantine, and disclosure of personal information, substantially restrict individual freedom and rights. In the area of public health policy, which requires expertise, it is inevitable that authority be delegated to administrative agencies to some extent. However, final decisions on public health policy should be made by the people in accordance with democratic procedures. The ordinary standard of judicial review should be applied to public health law, even in times of crisis, such as a pandemic. Relaxing these standards may lead to reduced protections for constitutional rights. During a pandemic of an infectious disease, it is necessary to revisit social rights and the state’s duty to protect constitutional rights. Heightened standards for scrutinizing judicial review are needed, especially related to the right to health and the state’s duty to protect public health.

Abstract

Measures to control and prevent the spread of infectious diseases, including the prohibition of mass gathering, closure of facilities, compulsory medical examinations, hospitalization or quarantine, and disclosure of personal information, substantially restrict individual freedom and rights. In the area of public health policy, which requires expertise, it is inevitable that authority be delegated to administrative agencies to some extent. However, final decisions on public health policy should be made by the people in accordance with democratic procedures. The ordinary standard of judicial review should be applied to public health law, even in times of crisis, such as a pandemic. Relaxing these standards may lead to reduced protections for constitutional rights. During a pandemic of an infectious disease, it is necessary to revisit social rights and the state’s duty to protect constitutional rights. Heightened standards for scrutinizing judicial review are needed, especially related to the right to health and the state’s duty to protect public health.

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