북한 화교 교육 제도의 역사

Abstract

This paper deals with education system for Chinese people in North Korea (Hwagyo). Chinese diaspora in the DPRK is unique, since they not only comprise the only ethic minority in the country, but also are the only group of North Korean permanent residents with foreign citizenship. The education system for the Hwagyo has been composed of the special “schools for the Chinese”. The author compares these schools with ordinary North Korean schools, schools in China and schools for ethnic minorities in the Soviet Union. The turning point for the “schools for the Chinese” was the year 1963. It was then when the North Korean authorities announced that North Korean school curriculum would be enforced in the “schools for the Chinese” and all lessons would be taught in Korean. The author shows how the Hwagyo reacted to such a reform. Currently there are 13 “schools for the Chinese” in North Korea. Given that their curriculum is almost identical to that of North Korean schools and that the level of the education its students receive is substandard, the author concludes that they exist solely as a symbol of “Friendship between North Korea and China”, which is officially declared by both countries.