원전 해체 후 부지 재이용을 위한 복원활동 ALARA 평가 방법론 분석
Analysis of ALARA Evaluation Methodology for Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning and Site Remediation
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Site remediation activities for the reuse of decommissioned nuclear power plant sites must beconducted in compliance with the ALARA principle, as they involve occupational radiation exposure. In SouthKorea, while the dose criterion for the public is specified as 0.1 mSv yr−1 for post-decommissioning site reuse, aformal ALARA evaluation procedure for remediation activities is currently absent. Therefore, it is necessary toanalyze ALARA methodologies from abroad to establish a framework for domestic application. This study analyzesthe cost-benefit analysis methodology for ALARA evaluation presented in the U.S. NRC’s NUREG-1757 documentand examines cases of practical application cases by analyzing the LTPs of decommissioned U.S. nuclear powerplants including Rancho Seco, Maine Yankee, Zion, and Big Rock Point. The ALARA evaluation is based on a costbenefit analysis that compares the cost of remediation activities with the benefit obtained from reducing radiationexposure. Costs include expenditures for equipment, labor, waste disposal, and mortality costs from transportationaccidents, while benefits are evaluated by converting the collective dose avoided into a monetary value. The analysisidentified key factors that determine the ALARA evaluation results: cost components, site reuse options, and theresidual radioactivity removal rate. Specifically, labor and equipment costs accounted for over 50% of the totalremediation cost, making them the most critical factors. Furthermore, site reuse options were found to have a decisiveimpact on benefit calculation by altering the size and occupancy patterns of the exposed population. Under the samereuse conditions, the residual radioactivity removal rate was identified as the sole variable determining the differencein benefits between different remediation activities. The results of this study are expected to be utilized in derivingALARA Action Levels for site remediation activities at domestic decommissioned nuclear power plants in the future.
Abstract
Site remediation activities for the reuse of decommissioned nuclear power plant sites must beconducted in compliance with the ALARA principle, as they involve occupational radiation exposure. In SouthKorea, while the dose criterion for the public is specified as 0.1 mSv yr−1 for post-decommissioning site reuse, aformal ALARA evaluation procedure for remediation activities is currently absent. Therefore, it is necessary toanalyze ALARA methodologies from abroad to establish a framework for domestic application. This study analyzesthe cost-benefit analysis methodology for ALARA evaluation presented in the U.S. NRC’s NUREG-1757 documentand examines cases of practical application cases by analyzing the LTPs of decommissioned U.S. nuclear powerplants including Rancho Seco, Maine Yankee, Zion, and Big Rock Point. The ALARA evaluation is based on a costbenefit analysis that compares the cost of remediation activities with the benefit obtained from reducing radiationexposure. Costs include expenditures for equipment, labor, waste disposal, and mortality costs from transportationaccidents, while benefits are evaluated by converting the collective dose avoided into a monetary value. The analysisidentified key factors that determine the ALARA evaluation results: cost components, site reuse options, and theresidual radioactivity removal rate. Specifically, labor and equipment costs accounted for over 50% of the totalremediation cost, making them the most critical factors. Furthermore, site reuse options were found to have a decisiveimpact on benefit calculation by altering the size and occupancy patterns of the exposed population. Under the samereuse conditions, the residual radioactivity removal rate was identified as the sole variable determining the differencein benefits between different remediation activities. The results of this study are expected to be utilized in derivingALARA Action Levels for site remediation activities at domestic decommissioned nuclear power plants in the future.