마그립의 서브사하라 아프리카인 이주 문제: 이슬람의 인종주의 담론과 튀니지의 <반인종차별법>을 중심으로
A Study on the Migration Issue of Sub-Saharan Africans into the Maghreb: Focusing on the Discussion about the Islamic Racism and the Anti-Racial Discrimination Law of Tunisia
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초록
2000년대 중반 이후 사하라 이남, 서브사하라(Sub-Sahara) 아프리카인들의 북아프리카 이주가 증가하고 있다. 2018년 아랍국가 중 인종문제와 관련하여 최초로 제정된 튀니지의 <반인종차별법>은 서브사하라 아프리카인들의 마그립 이주 및 정착과정에서 불거진 사회적 문제에 대처하기 위한 것이다. 본 논문은 튀니지를 대상으로 이 지역으로 유입되는 서브사하라 아프리카인 이주의 현상과 배경, 그리고 이들에 대한 마그립(튀니지)인들의 사회적 인식과 <반인종차별법>을 중심으로 한 문제해결 노력 등을 구체적으로 살펴볼 것이다. 본 연구는 마그립 이주 문제의 새로운 현상을 분석한다는 차원에서뿐만 아니라, 이슬람 사회가 다른 인종에 대해 어떠한 시각을 지니고 있는지, 유입된 이주자들의 문화 적응에 무슬림들은 어떠한 반응과 대책을 세우고 있는지 살펴보는 데에 그 의미가 있다.
Abstract
Ever since the mid-2000s, the migration of Sub-Saharan Africans into the Maghreb in North Africa has rapidly increased. Continuous emigration from Sub-Sahara Africa has occurred because of internal problems such as political instability, poverty and famine as well as external factors, namely restrictive emigration policies in European countries. Given this, the destination of the expatriates changing to the Maghreb. In 2018, the Anti-Racial Discrimination Law was enacted first by Tunisia in Arabian Islamic countries and reflects today’s reality just as it is-This is a bit confusing. Has the same law been enacted in other countries too?. This study, as a part of regional research on Maghreb, looks into the migration of Sub-Saharan Africans, which emerges as a social issue, and Tunisian society’s view and policy about it. The researcher aims to look into the present situation of African migrants in Tunisia in the Maghreb and analyze the country’s policy and system.
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