전기자동차 분야 기술 궤적의 정량적 식별과 특성화
Quantitative identification and characterization of technological trends in the electric vehicle industry
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초록
기후 변화에 대한 대응으로 전기자동차 기술이 각광받음에 따라, 전기자동차 기술 분류와 기술 궤적에대한 연구도 활발하게 전개되었다. 본 연구는 전기자동차 특허의 인용 데이터와 텍스트 데이터를 결합하여 기술 동향을 파악하고 특성화를 추구한다. 전기자동차 특허 데이터를 기반으로 지식 지속성 기반주경로 분석과 최신의 토픽 모델링 방법론인 BERTopic 분석하여 세부 기술로 분류된 기술 궤적을 도출한다. 분석 결과 200개의 특허로 이루어진 핵심 기술 궤적이 구성 되었으며 '전기자동차 및 하이브리드 차량의 추진 및 제어', '충전 및 배터리', '회로 열관리 및 자율주행 등'분류의 세 토픽으로 확인된다. 또한 기술 궤적에 대한 분석 결과 추진 및 제어 토픽과 충전 및 배터리 기술의 상호작용과 발전, 전동모터와 내연기관을 동시에 사용하는 하이브리드 차량 발전의 형태, 무선 충전 기술의 중요성, 회로열관리 기술의 발전, 자율주행 차량의 기술 태동을 확인할 수 있었다. 이런 결과는 전기자동차 산업 이해관계자들에게 기술 정보를 제공하며, 동시에 정량적 데이터 기반의 연구에 정량적 데이터 기반의 기술 궤적 식별과 기술 분류에 기여할 수 있다.
Abstract
With growing attention being paid to electric vehicle (EV) technology as a response to climate change, researchers have been actively investigating the classification and trajectory trends of EV technology. This study aims to understand and characterize EV technological trends by combining EV patent citation and text data. The analysis of EV patent data was conducted using knowledge-persistence-based main path analysis and the latest topic modeling methodology, BERTopic, yielding a detailed showcase of technological trajectories according to a classification considering specific technologies. The analysis identified a core technological trajectory comprising 200 patents, which falls into three topics: “Propulsion & Control,” “Charging & Battery,” and “Circuit Thermal Management & Autonomous Driving.” The study reveals interactions and concerted developments between “Propulsion & Control” and “Charging & Battery” technologies; the importance of hybrid vehicles and wireless charging technologies; advancements in circuit thermal management technologies; the emergence of autonomous driving technologies. Using quantitative patent data, this study delivers technological insights for stakeholders in the EV industry, contributing to the identification and classification of EV technological trajectory trends.
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