Decentralization by Devolution in Tanzania: Bottom-up Participatory Approach to Local Government Planning
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This paper examines how Decentralization and Devolution (D by D) in Tanzania is being related to bottom-up participatory planning in local governments. The basic assumption underlying the concept of decentralization is that Local Government Authorities (LGAs) are closer to local needs of the people at grassroots level, than people who should be directly involved in decision making or indirectly influence those decisions through planning process. The sources of information used are secondary data mainly because of limited time and financial resources, amongst other factors. The findings revealed that; D by D in Tanzania for the case of bottom-up participatory planning process is minimal and ineffective. Citizens do not seem to have the ability to influence decision over the matter affecting development of their lives because they believe that they were being ignored and sidelined in the decision making process. Adherence to planning process in LGAs was also noted as one of the reasons for ineffectiveness of the process as the citizens were not involved in the planning process rather they were involved in the implementation of set plans which sometimes did not include even their priorities. This paper suggests that bottom-up participatory planning in local government needs to be done properly as this will lead to increase in effectiveness and efficiency of the process including increased ownership of the projects and sustainability.
Abstract
This paper examines how Decentralization and Devolution (D by D) in Tanzania is being related to bottom-up participatory planning in local governments. The basic assumption underlying the concept of decentralization is that Local Government Authorities (LGAs) are closer to local needs of the people at grassroots level, than people who should be directly involved in decision making or indirectly influence those decisions through planning process. The sources of information used are secondary data mainly because of limited time and financial resources, amongst other factors. The findings revealed that; D by D in Tanzania for the case of bottom-up participatory planning process is minimal and ineffective. Citizens do not seem to have the ability to influence decision over the matter affecting development of their lives because they believe that they were being ignored and sidelined in the decision making process. Adherence to planning process in LGAs was also noted as one of the reasons for ineffectiveness of the process as the citizens were not involved in the planning process rather they were involved in the implementation of set plans which sometimes did not include even their priorities. This paper suggests that bottom-up participatory planning in local government needs to be done properly as this will lead to increase in effectiveness and efficiency of the process including increased ownership of the projects and sustainability.
참고문헌 (41)
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