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자살예방을 위한 독거 우울 노인 대상 문제해결치료 프로그램의 효과성

The Effectiveness of Problem-Solving Therapy Program in Suicide Prevention for the Depressed Elderly Living Alone

임연옥
(사)위기관리이론과실천 (Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis)|2018.12|Crisisonomy|제14권 제12호|pp. 1-21|DOI https://doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2018.14.12.1

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참고문헌

키워드

노인자살우울depressionolder adultssuicide문제해결치료living alone독거problem solving therapy

초록

본 연구는 자살 고위험집단인 독거 우울 노인을 대상으로 문제해결치료 프로그램의 효과성을 검증하기 위해 실시한 유사실험연구이다. 실험집단을 대상으로 문제해결치료 프로그램을 실행하고, 실험집단과 통제집단에게 우울과 사회적 문제해결능력 및 5개 차원에 대한 사전, 사후, 추적조사를실시하였다. PST 프로그램의 효과성을 검증하기 위해 반복측정 분산분석의 집단과 조사시점 간 상호작용에 대한 분석과 조사시점 별 두 집단 간의 차이에 대한 t-test 분석을 실사하였다. 분석결과실험집단의 우울수준은 사후조사에서 감소되었고, 추적조사에서도 지속되었다. 사후조사에서 측정한 실험집단의 사회적 문제해결능력과 합리적 문제해결양식이 강화되었고, 부정적 문제지향과 충동적, 회피적 문제해결양식이 감소되었지만, 추적조사에서는 그 효과들이 지속되지 못하였다. 결론적으로 자살 고위험군인 독거 우울 노인의 자살 예방에 PST가 효과적임을 확인하였으며, 자살 위험에처한 노인들의 PST에 대한 접근성을 높일 수 있도록 사회복지사를 대상으로 한 PST 교육이 확대되어야 하고 PST 참여자의 문제해결능력을 유지하기 위한 사후관리가 필요함을 제안하였다.

Abstract

This study used the quasi-experimental research design to examine the effectiveness of problem-solving therapy (PST) for the depressed elderly people living alone as a suicidal high-risk group. PST was conducted for the experimental group, both the experimental and control groups were subjected to pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test on depression and social problem-solving ability. The effectiveness of PST was verified by repeated measurement variance analysis and t-test. PST was found effective in reducing depression and its effect continued until the follow-up test. PST strengthened social problem-solving ability and rational problem-solving style, but reduced negative problem orientation and impulsive/avoidant problem-solving style, but their effects did not persist in the follow-up test. In conclusion, PST was found suitable to prevent suicide for the depressed elderly living alone, and thus PST training programs should be expanded for social workers and follow-up management should be carried out for PST participants.

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