The Role of Honorific Agreement in the Resolution of Relative Clause Attachment Ambiguity
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Previous studies have reported that there were cross-linguistic differences in resolving the attachment ambiguity of relative clauses (RC) to noun phrases (NP) with two antecedents. Attaching RCs to low NPs (i.e., NP2 in [[NP1 of NP2] RC]), known as low attachment (LA), is preferred in languages like English, whereas attachment to high NPs (i.e., NP1 in [[NP1 of NP2] RC]), known as high attachment (HA), is favored in languages like Spanish. In Korean, findings are biased to HA preference (i.e, NP2 in [RC [NP1 of NP2]]) but are not fully conclusive. We reinvestigated Korean attachment preferences using a force-choice task, where both or specific antecedents were valid as an attachment site, with and without the presence of honorific-markers. HA preference was found only in the ambiguous condition. However, the attachment preference varied as a function of the morpho-syntactic information: 1) The attachment preference was changed from HA to LA when honorific markers indexed to attach RCs to low antecedents. 2) The HA preference became stronger when the honorific agreement information forced an attachment of RCs to high antecedents. We discuss our results in the view of constraint- based approach in psycholinguistics.
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that there were cross-linguistic differences in resolving the attachment ambiguity of relative clauses (RC) to noun phrases (NP) with two antecedents. Attaching RCs to low NPs (i.e., NP2 in [[NP1 of NP2] RC]), known as low attachment (LA), is preferred in languages like English, whereas attachment to high NPs (i.e., NP1 in [[NP1 of NP2] RC]), known as high attachment (HA), is favored in languages like Spanish. In Korean, findings are biased to HA preference (i.e, NP2 in [RC [NP1 of NP2]]) but are not fully conclusive. We reinvestigated Korean attachment preferences using a force-choice task, where both or specific antecedents were valid as an attachment site, with and without the presence of honorific-markers. HA preference was found only in the ambiguous condition. However, the attachment preference varied as a function of the morpho-syntactic information: 1) The attachment preference was changed from HA to LA when honorific markers indexed to attach RCs to low antecedents. 2) The HA preference became stronger when the honorific agreement information forced an attachment of RCs to high antecedents. We discuss our results in the view of constraint- based approach in psycholinguistics.
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