Language Ideologies in the Early English Education Policy in Korea: A Sociohistorical Perspective
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This paper explores Korea’s partial dynamics of English language ideologies of the 1980s, which has contributed to establishing the policy of early English education and also influenced to a great extent almost all the aspects of English education policy in Korea. Based on the theory of the language policy and language ideology, this study elucidates two proto-English ideologies: English as a Second Language (ESL) and English as a Structural Function (ESF). Closely related to and/or derived from the ESL ideology are the Ten-year-English Fiasco (TEF) ideology and the Spoken English First (SEF) ideology, which in turn give rise to their sub-language ideologies. All of these language ideologies from the ESL ideology timely tallied with another proto-English ideology, or ESF, which may be represented as internationalization on which then the newly emerging Korean government’s policy toward the world was based. The English language ideologies in the 1980s worked together to synergize, conflict, or contradict among themselves, serving to establish the Early English Education (EEE) ideology.
Abstract
This paper explores Korea’s partial dynamics of English language ideologies of the 1980s, which has contributed to establishing the policy of early English education and also influenced to a great extent almost all the aspects of English education policy in Korea. Based on the theory of the language policy and language ideology, this study elucidates two proto-English ideologies: English as a Second Language (ESL) and English as a Structural Function (ESF). Closely related to and/or derived from the ESL ideology are the Ten-year-English Fiasco (TEF) ideology and the Spoken English First (SEF) ideology, which in turn give rise to their sub-language ideologies. All of these language ideologies from the ESL ideology timely tallied with another proto-English ideology, or ESF, which may be represented as internationalization on which then the newly emerging Korean government’s policy toward the world was based. The English language ideologies in the 1980s worked together to synergize, conflict, or contradict among themselves, serving to establish the Early English Education (EEE) ideology.
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