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A Study on the Existential Meaning and Value of Modern People through The Fixer

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This study intends to discuss the process by which individual persecution and oppression based on a Jewish background in Bernard Malamud's The Fixer is extended to all modern problems. Malamud's The Fixer effectively presents the problem of injustice and persecution experienced by Jews based on actual events. The Jewish protagonist in The Fixer realizes that attempts to evade Jewish traditions and identities, which are not properly recognized in Russian society, are a situation in which they are imprisoned in a mental prison. Malamud extends the problem of isolation and alienation experienced by Jews to the problem of humanity as a whole. In conclusion, Malamud reminds readers that in situations of pain and oppression, rather than sinking into frustration and helplessness, they should realize the meaning and value of pain.

Abstract

This study intends to discuss the process by which individual persecution and oppression based on a Jewish background in Bernard Malamud's The Fixer is extended to all modern problems. Malamud's The Fixer effectively presents the problem of injustice and persecution experienced by Jews based on actual events. The Jewish protagonist in The Fixer realizes that attempts to evade Jewish traditions and identities, which are not properly recognized in Russian society, are a situation in which they are imprisoned in a mental prison. Malamud extends the problem of isolation and alienation experienced by Jews to the problem of humanity as a whole. In conclusion, Malamud reminds readers that in situations of pain and oppression, rather than sinking into frustration and helplessness, they should realize the meaning and value of pain.

참고문헌 (21)

  1. Abramson, Edward A., "Bernard Malamud Revisited" (1993), Twayne Publishers
  2. Alter, Robert, "Bernard Malamud and the Critics", pp.29~42 (1970), New York University Press
  3. Cheuse, Alan, "Talking Horse" (1966), Columbia UP
  4. Fielder, Leslie A, "Malamud’s Travesty Western", Contemporary Literary Criticism, 9, pp.212~219 (1978)
  5. Fox, Marvin, "The State of Jewish Belief", Commentary, 42(2), pp.71~160 (1966)
  6. Freedman, William, "Bernard Malamud: A Collection of Critical Essays", pp.72~79 (1975), Prentice-Hall
  7. Gittleman, Sol, "From Shtetl to Suburbia: The Family in Jewish Literary Imagination" (1978), Beacon
  8. Guttman, Allen, "The Jewish Writer in America" (1971), UP of New York
  9. Hassan, Ihab, "Contemporary American Literature" (1973), Frederick Ungar Publishing Co
  10. Hershinow, Sheldon J., "Bernard Malmud" (1980), Frederick Ungar Publishing Co
  11. 강준수, "켈러의 『일본군위안부』에 나타난 여성 억압 및 모녀관계 회복", 영어영문학, 24(2), pp.1~25 (2019), 미래영어영문학회[DOI]
  12. Kiely, Robert, "Bernard Malamud", New York Times Book Review, 3, pp.7~ (1973)
  13. Kim, Jongbin, "The Core of Conflict" (2007), Hyohyung Publishers
  14. Malamud, Bernard, "The Fixer" (1966), Penguin Books
  15. Marcuse, Herbert, "Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud" (1961), Random House
  16. Pinsker, S. S., "The Schlemiel as Metaphor: Studies in the Yiddish and American Jewish Novel", pp.87~124 (1971), Southern Illinois University Press
  17. Richman, Sidney, "Bernard Malamud" (1966), Twayne Publishers, A Division of G. K. Hall and Company
  18. Seeman, Melvin, "The Human Meaning of Social Change", pp.467~527 (1972), Russel Sage Basic Books
  19. Solotaroff, Theodore, "Bernard Malamud and the Critics" (1970), UP of New York
  20. Tanner, Toy, "City of Words: American Fiction 1959-1970" (1970), Harper & Row Publishers
  21. 양윤정, "에디스 네스빗의 사미어드 삼부작에 나타난 유토피아 사회", 영어영문학, 26(1), pp.1~23 (2021), 미래영어영문학회[DOI]

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