초기불교의 경영리더십 연구

Abstract

There are various economic and corporate management thoughts in Early Buddhist scriptures. Considering the Buddhist business management leadership in Early Buddhist scriptures, the most important leadership in J a t a k a discovered in business partnerships between equal relation of partner is wisdom, and in the second place, business knowledge and merciful heart are found frequently. Main factor of leadership in J a t a k a is Charismatic Leadership when we consider the fact that wisdom is most frequently found in J a t a k a, and there is Transformational Leadership factor in J a t a k a when we consider the fact that not only business knowledge but also friendliness and compassion are used by leader(Bodhisattva) while leader educate the member. Furthermore, there is Servant Leadership factor in J a t a k a when we consider the fact that leader(Bodhisattva) treats people with friendliness and compassion. Thus we may consider the main leadership is Charismatic Leadership, and the additional leaderships are Transformational Leadership and Servant Leadership between equal relation between partner in J a t a k a The most important leadership factors are employer’s friendliness & compassion and respect toward employee, the next important leadership factor is employer’s guidance that employee may grow up socially and economically while employee display his ability by himself within the relationship between subordinates and superiors in Early Buddhist scriptures like Āgama and Nikāya and so on. Thus Servant Leadership factor that employer leads employee to display his ability through employer’s friendliness & compassion and respect toward members is important, and Transformational Leadership factor is found too while employer be considerate of employee’s self realization needs and employer teach employee to perform purification in Bulseolsunsengjhagyung Sutra (佛說善生子經, Buddha Speaks to Sunseng Layman Sutra). Therefore, there is Servant Leadership factor as the center and Transformational Leadership factor is found within the relationship between subordinates and superiors. The four methods employed by Bodhisattva to attract sentient beings to the Buddha's teaching(사섭법, 四攝法) are leadership which may be applied to all relations without distinction of the equal relation between partners and the relationship between subordinates and superiors, and Servant Leadership factor is important because one tries to give benefit to other people through one’s friendliness & compassion and respect toward other people in the four methods employed by Bodhisattva to attract sentient beings to the Buddha's teaching.