세브란스병원의 진료활동으로 본 3･1운동

Abstract

This research aimed to reveal the roles of Severance Hospital during the March 1st Movement that triggered the independence movement. It also focused on the changes at Severance Hospital for short periods before and after the March 1st movement. The members of Severance Hospital participated in providing treatment to tortured people and injured people. Most of the patients receiving treatment had gunshot and stab wounds, and surgical treatments were necessary. The pinch skin graft was performed on patients who were flogged, which saved many who had been subjected to floggings that would have otherwise led to death. The members of Severance Hospital contributed to international awareness by publicizing the brutalities of Japanese imperialism abroad. This activity was despite Severance Hospital, a missionary hospital, not presenting political opinions because of being instructed by the missionary board to comply with the rule of separation of church and state. At Severance Hospital, the period before the March 1st Movement was considered to be a time to conform to the rule of the Governor-General of Korea (GGK) in order to be accredited by the GGK. The tensions between Severance Hospital and the GGK that had previously been resolved through a policy of appeasement had increased throughout the March 1st Movement. But Severance Hospital faced a difficult situation due to the resignations of full-time Japanese professors and F. W. Schofield’s return home. Therefore, Severance Hospital implemented the policy of recruiting qualified Korean professors and supported training aboard for Severance Union Medical School graduates to build a competitive faculty. The policy of recruitment of full-time Japanese professors was abolished, and part-time Japanese instructors only gave lectures on a few subjects.