청일전쟁 시기 조선에 대한 일본군의 위생인식과 종두문제: 일본군 위생보고서 분석을 중심으로
The Japanese Military’s Perception of Hygiene in Korea and the Smallpox Vaccination during the First Sino-Japanese War: An Analysis of Medical and Sanitary Reports of the Japanese Military
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This paper aims to introduce the medical and sanitary reports published by the Japanese military during the First Sino-Japanese War and to identify the characteristics of their contents. In doing so, this work explores the potential for using these publications to study wartime medical and sanitation issues in the field of medical history. Based on the content of the Summary of Medical and Sanitary Reports (1898), this paper primarily confirmed that prior to the First Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese Army used military physicians to conduct detailed investigations on Korea’s climate and environment and the overall lifestyle of Koreans. Furthermore, the military physicians who participated in these investigations applied this firsthand information during the war. Additionally, by examining the Japanese military’s smallpox vaccination efforts during the war as a case of epidemic prevention, this study explores modern medical knowledge surrounding vaccination, its application, and the challenges of implementing vaccination efforts on the battlefield. The measures taken to implement smallpox vaccinations on the battlefield illustrate how military physicians sought to address the medical challenges that arose during the war. Furthermore, this serves as an example of how military physicians adopted specific alternatives to bridge the gap between medical techniques and their practical application under the unique circumstances of warfare. The Japanese military’s vaccination policy also provides insights into the state of modern medicine in Japan at the time and the limitations in the application of its medical systems. Although a considerable amount of time had passed since the introduction of the smallpox vaccination in Japan, its implementation remained slow, and the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War underscored the urgent need to secure smallpox vaccine to prevent smallpox in battlefields. However, there are problems with secure of calf lymph vaccine and vaccination techniques, so even when it was practiced, it was necessary to constantly obtain smallpox vaccine. It examines how the ensuing necessity to continuously secure smallpox vaccine during the war contributed to its circulation and the sharing of vaccination techniques in Korea during and after the war.
Abstract
This paper aims to introduce the medical and sanitary reports published by the Japanese military during the First Sino-Japanese War and to identify the characteristics of their contents. In doing so, this work explores the potential for using these publications to study wartime medical and sanitation issues in the field of medical history. Based on the content of the Summary of Medical and Sanitary Reports (1898), this paper primarily confirmed that prior to the First Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese Army used military physicians to conduct detailed investigations on Korea’s climate and environment and the overall lifestyle of Koreans. Furthermore, the military physicians who participated in these investigations applied this firsthand information during the war. Additionally, by examining the Japanese military’s smallpox vaccination efforts during the war as a case of epidemic prevention, this study explores modern medical knowledge surrounding vaccination, its application, and the challenges of implementing vaccination efforts on the battlefield. The measures taken to implement smallpox vaccinations on the battlefield illustrate how military physicians sought to address the medical challenges that arose during the war. Furthermore, this serves as an example of how military physicians adopted specific alternatives to bridge the gap between medical techniques and their practical application under the unique circumstances of warfare. The Japanese military’s vaccination policy also provides insights into the state of modern medicine in Japan at the time and the limitations in the application of its medical systems. Although a considerable amount of time had passed since the introduction of the smallpox vaccination in Japan, its implementation remained slow, and the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War underscored the urgent need to secure smallpox vaccine to prevent smallpox in battlefields. However, there are problems with secure of calf lymph vaccine and vaccination techniques, so even when it was practiced, it was necessary to constantly obtain smallpox vaccine. It examines how the ensuing necessity to continuously secure smallpox vaccine during the war contributed to its circulation and the sharing of vaccination techniques in Korea during and after the war.
참고문헌 (43)
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