東洋 3國(韓·中·日)의 官僚制度 比較 評價

Abstract

The function of public administration in a country depends on and differs from historical, cultural tradition and socio-economic factors. National goals, the context of time, and the nature of the political structure more directly affect it. In advanced countries, for example, the emphasis of the public sector is on social service and welfare, and economic activities are largly run by the private sector. In Korean, public administration has functioned as the most appropriate apparatus in initiating economic development, supporting social progress, and contributing to national harmony and social integrity. The history of growth can be articulated into three periods for demonstration purposes, even though some scholars may have different viewpoints. This study aims to compare to Korean civil service system with those of China and Japan. It is very useful and instructive to comparative study about three Confucian Nation. With the start of the new decade, our government administration has initiated to review itself from the angle of innovation. Since Korea is moving in the direction of becoming a technologically advanced society, our administration must continue to cope with existing and emerging issues in order to effectively remedy of the problems caused by rapid industrialization. Reforming the administrative structure is required to help the nation deal with the drastic changes that are unfolding in the domestic and international scenes. Accordingly, the Korean administrative structure in the 21st century must be changed as follows: (1) the system must adopt a more flexible view; (2) management of personnel must be fair; (3) functions must be carried out in an effective, and scientific way; (4) systems must be made people-centered and democratic; and (5) new thinking about job and ethics must be adopted to earn the trust of the people. Korea faces in improving, developing, and reorganizing its administrative organization, improving personnel management, and reforming the government administration. The Korean system will improve when the role of the government, the structure of society, and economic conditions are improved properly.