Searching for the Butterfly: Orientalism in John Luther Long’s “Madame Butterfly”
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Through an in-depth analysis of John Luther Long’s 1898 short story “Madame Butterfly,” this paper reexamines the Orientalist attitude that associates the West with masculinity and the East with femininity, which has been shaped importantly through the Butterfly stereotype. The paper first traces the shaping of the Butterfly stereotype in literary works in the late nineteenth century that envisions the so-called ideal Oriental woman as beautiful, exotic, obedient, submissive, and self-sacrificing. It also looks into the dissemination of the Butterfly stereotype over the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries through diverse cultural genres, as influenced by earlier Butterfly stories, including Long’s short story. After that, the paper analyzes the story and characters of Long’s “Madame Butterfly,” focusing on the two main characters, Benjamin Franklin Pinkerton and Cho-Cho-San, as representatives of the masculine West and the feminine East, respectively. Using Homi Bhabha’s idea of “colonial mimicry,” this paper also points out the destined failure of Cho-Cho-San’s Americanization due to the structure of the racial and gendered division between the West and the East.
Abstract
Through an in-depth analysis of John Luther Long’s 1898 short story “Madame Butterfly,” this paper reexamines the Orientalist attitude that associates the West with masculinity and the East with femininity, which has been shaped importantly through the Butterfly stereotype. The paper first traces the shaping of the Butterfly stereotype in literary works in the late nineteenth century that envisions the so-called ideal Oriental woman as beautiful, exotic, obedient, submissive, and self-sacrificing. It also looks into the dissemination of the Butterfly stereotype over the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries through diverse cultural genres, as influenced by earlier Butterfly stories, including Long’s short story. After that, the paper analyzes the story and characters of Long’s “Madame Butterfly,” focusing on the two main characters, Benjamin Franklin Pinkerton and Cho-Cho-San, as representatives of the masculine West and the feminine East, respectively. Using Homi Bhabha’s idea of “colonial mimicry,” this paper also points out the destined failure of Cho-Cho-San’s Americanization due to the structure of the racial and gendered division between the West and the East.
참고문헌 (14)
- Bhabha, H., "The Location of Culture" (1994), Routledge
- de Lauretis, T., "Popular Culture, Public and Private Fantasies: Femininity and Fetishism in David Cronenberg’s M. Butterfly", Signs, 24(2), pp.303~334 (1999)
- Fung, E., "Deconstructing the"Butterfly" : Teaching David Henry Hwang’s M. Butterfly in Cultural and Socio-political Contexts", Asian American Literature : Discourses and Pedagogies, 1, pp.16~26 (2010)
- Gómez, I., "M. Butterfly as Total Theatre", BELLS : Barcelona English Language and Literature Studies, 15, pp.1~12 (2006)
- Groos, A., "Return of the Native : Japan in Madama Butterfly", Madama Butterfly in Japan, 1989, pp.1(2), 167~194
- Honey, M., "Madame Butterfly and A Japanese Nightingale: Two Orientalist Texts", pp.1~21 (2002), Rutgers University Press
- Kerr, D., "Asian Voices in English", pp.119~130 (1991), Hong Kong University Press
- Kondo, D., "M. Butterfly: Orientalism, Gender, and a Critique of Essentialist Identity", Cultural Critique, 16, pp.5~29 (1990)
- Long, J., "Madame Butterfly and A Japanese Nightingale: Two Orientalist Texts", pp.25~79 (2002), Rutgers University Press
- Moy, J., "Reading the Literatures of Asian America", pp.349~357 (1992), Temple University Press
- Oh, S., "Recontextualizing Asian American Domesticity: From Madame Butterfly to My American Wife!" (2008), Lexington Books
- Rij, J., "Madame Butterfly: Japonisme, Puccini, & the Search for the Real Cho-Cho-San" (2001), Stone Bridge Press
- Said, E., "Orientalism" (1979), Vintage Books
- Wen, S., "The Subversion of the Oriental Stereotype in M. Butterfly", English Language and Literature Studies, 3(2), pp.44~49 (2013)