한국전쟁 이후 극장 문화 로컬리티(locality) - 강원도 도시를 중심으로

Abstract

This essay examines the historicity of cinema in the locals during South Korea's post-Korean War era, spanning from the mid 1950s to the 1960s. In order to investigate the locality of the cultural practices surrounding foundation of movie theaters and the film exhibition, this work deals with the backdrop of the advent of the movie theaters in the Gangwon-do,focusing on the major cities whose characteristics were intensively shaped by the experience of the Korean War. Considering that the narration of the historical experiences in the major cities in the Gangwon-do could be different from those of the whole country, this work endeavors to declare the historicity of the discourse on foundation of movie theaters and the film exhibition practices, which was interlinked with the social changes of the cities followed by the Korean War. In response to the effort, this work brings about the following results. Due to their identities as the rear areas for military lines, the two cities such as Wonju and Chuncheon showed the prosperity of the local movie theaters based on the rhetoric of the anti-Communism and pro-Americanization. And the film exhibition in the city of Sokcho was to exert its function as an effective means to verify the identity of the local resident as the South Korean people because the great portion of the population in the city was composed of the north Korean refugees. Meanwhile, the city of Gangneung displayed somewhat different film exhibition practices from those of the other cities. It is noticeable feature that the city of Gangneung represents the local influentials’ collaboration in its community, leading the film exhibition for both entertainment and propaganda by the members of the one's own family. In conclusion, the interrelationship between the social changes after the Korean War and the characteristics of the major cities features prominently in the cultural practices - the discourse on foundation of movie theaters, the film exhibition practices, etc. - in four major cities in the Gwangwon-do. The residence of the American Army base was the fundamental element for producing the locality of Cultural landscape surrounding movie theaters in the Gwangwon-do. The foundation of movie theaters and the film exhibition functioned as the way of seizing supremacy in the process of culture production for the local elites in their local communities. And the interlocking relationship among the leaders of the film exhibition such as movie theaters, the Culture Center and governmental foundations contributed the construction of Korean-ness based on the Anti-Communism.